Andrei Bely

Boris Bugaev was born in Moscow, into a prominent intellectual family. His father, Nikolai Bugaev, was a leading mathematician who is regarded as a founder of the Moscow school of mathematics. His mother was not only highly intelligent but a famous society beauty, and the focus of considerable gossip. Young Boris was a polymath whose interests included mathematics, biology, chemistry, music, philosophy, and literature. He would go on to take part in both the Symbolist movement and the Russian school of neo-Kantianism. Bugaev became friendly with Alexander Blok and his wife; he fell in love with her, which caused tensions between the two poets. Nikolai Bugaev was well known for his influential philosophical essays, in which he decried geometry and probabilityand trumpeted the virtues of hard analysis. Despite—or because of—his father's mathematical tastes, Boris Bugaev was fascinated by probability and particularly by entropy, a notion to which he frequently refers in works such as Kotik Letaev. As a young man, Bely was strongly influenced by his acquaintance with the family of philosopher Vladimir Solovyov, especially Vladimir's younger brother Mikhail, described in his long autobiographical poem The First Encounter(1921); the title is a reflection of Vladimir Solovyov's Three Encounters. It was Mikhail Solovyov who gave Bugaev his pseudonym Andrei Bely. Bely's symbolist novel Petersburg (1916; 1922) is generally considered to be his masterpiece. The book employs a striking prose method in which sounds often evoke colors. The novel is set in the somewhat hysterical atmosphere of turn-of-the-century Petersburg and the Russian Revolution of 1905. To the extent that the book can be said to possess a plot, this can be summarized as the story of the hapless Nikolai Apollonovich, a ne'er-do-well who is caught up in revolutionary politics and assigned the task of assassinating a certain government official—his own father. At one point, Nikolai is pursued through the Petersburg mists by the ringing hooves of the famous bronze statue of Peter the Great. In his later years Bely was influenced by Rudolf Steiner's anthroposophy and became a personal friend of Steiner's. He spent time between Switzerland, Germany, and Russia, during its revolution. He supported the Bolshevik rise to power and later dedicated his efforts to Soviet culture, serving on the Organizational Committee of the Union of Soviet Writers. He died, aged 53, in Moscow. Bely was one of the major influences on the theater of Vsevolod Meyerhold. The Andrei Bely Prize, one of the most important prizes in Russian literature, was named after him. His poems were set on music and frequently performed by Russian singer-songwriters.

鲍里斯·布加耶夫（Boris Bugaev）出生于莫斯科的名门书香世家。其父尼古拉·布加耶夫（Nikolai Bugaev）是顶尖数学家，被视为莫斯科数学学派的奠基人。他的母亲不仅才智超群，更是当时知名的社交名媛，曾是诸多坊间八卦的焦点。青年鲍里斯是一名通才，涉猎数学、生物学、化学、音乐、哲学与文学等诸多领域。他日后不仅投身象征主义运动（Symbolist movement），还加入了俄罗斯新康德主义（neo-Kantianism）学派。布加耶夫与亚历山大·勃洛克（Alexander Blok）及其妻子交好，却对勃洛克的妻子心生爱慕，这一纠葛令两位诗人之间产生了嫌隙。

尼古拉·布加耶夫以极具影响力的哲学文论闻名，他在文中抨击几何学与概率论，极力推崇纯分析的学术价值。尽管——或许正因为——父亲的数学研究取向，鲍里斯·布加耶夫却对概率论尤其是熵（entropy）概念着迷不已，并在《科季克·莱塔耶夫》（Kotik Letaev）等作品中频繁提及这一概念。

青年时期的布加耶夫深受哲学家弗拉基米尔·索洛维约夫（Vladimir Solovyov）家族的影响，尤其与弗拉基米尔的弟弟米哈伊尔交往密切，这段情谊在他1921年的长篇自传体诗歌《第一次相遇》（The First Encounter）中有所体现，该诗标题便借鉴了弗拉基米尔·索洛维约夫的《三次相遇》（Three Encounters）。正是米哈伊尔·索洛维约夫为布加耶夫取了笔名安德烈·别雷（Andrei Bely）。

别雷的象征主义（symbolist）长篇小说《彼得堡》（Petersburg，1916；1922）普遍被认为是其代表作。这部小说运用了独具匠心的叙事笔法，常以声响唤起色彩联想。故事背景设定在世纪之交圣彼得堡癫狂躁动的氛围与1905年俄国革命的浪潮之中。若要概括其大致情节，便是失意潦倒的尼古拉·阿波罗诺维奇——一名不成器的浪荡子——卷入革命政治，并被指派刺杀某位政府官员，而这位官员正是他的父亲。书中有一段经典情节：尼古拉在圣彼得堡的迷雾中，被著名的彼得大帝青铜骑士像的清脆马蹄声追逐。

晚年的别雷受鲁道夫·施泰纳（Rudolf Steiner）的人智学（anthroposophy）影响，成为施泰纳的私人好友。俄国革命期间，他辗转于瑞士、德国与俄罗斯之间。他曾支持布尔什维克夺权，此后则投身苏联文化建设，曾担任苏联作家协会（Union of Soviet Writers）组织委员会委员。他于莫斯科逝世，享年53岁。

别雷是影响弗谢沃洛德·梅耶荷德（Vsevolod Meyerhold）戏剧创作的核心人物之一。

安德烈·别雷奖（Andrei Bely Prize）作为俄罗斯文学领域最重要的奖项之一，便是以他的名字命名。他的诗作被谱写成歌曲，时常由俄罗斯创作歌手演绎。