SPHERA High Resolution Reanalysis over Italy - Hourly surface relative humidity (2-meter height) 2013-2020

SPHERA (High Resolution REAnalysis over Italy) is a convection-permitting regional reanalysis developed by ARPAE-Emilia Romagna and publicly available. The SPHERA domain covers Italy and the surrounding seas with a horizontal resolution of 2.2km. The temporal coverage corresponds to the period 1995-2020 and the dataset is available at hourly frequency. SPHERA reanalysis was developed using the Numerical Weather Prediction model COSMO (www.cosmo-model.org) nested in the global reanalysis ERA5 produced by ECMWF. Moreover, upper-air and surface observations were assimilated at the convection-permitting scale by the COSMO nudging scheme. This record reports the hourly surface relative humidity at 2-meter height for the period 2013-2020. The full extension of the dataset over 1995-2020 is available over three different records due to space constraints: 1995-2003: https://zenodo.org/uploads/12724026 2004-2012: https://zenodo.org/uploads/12724104 2013-2020: https://zenodo.org/uploads/12724140 Other fields currently available on Zenodo are the surface air temperature at 2-meter height (also over three different records due to space constraints): 1995-2003: https://zenodo.org/records/12567563 2004-2012: https://zenodo.org/records/12582246 2013-2020: https://zenodo.org/records/12582797 and hourly accumulated total precipitation: https://zenodo.org/records/14617083 Details on the SPHERA dataset production, as well as data verification against surface observations are reported in peer-reviewed publications. See References.SPHERA（意大利区域高分辨率再分析数据集，High Resolution REAnalysis over Italy）是由ARPAE-Emilia Romagna开发的对流允许尺度区域再分析数据集，且面向公众开放获取。该数据集的覆盖范围涵盖意大利及周边海域，水平分辨率为2.2千米，时间跨度为1995年至2020年，数据以逐小时频次发布。SPHERA再分析数据集以欧洲中期天气预报中心（ECMWF）制作的全球再分析产品ERA5为背景场，嵌套数值天气预报模式COSMO（www.cosmo-model.org）开发完成。此外，研究人员通过COSMO松弛同化方案，将高空与地面观测资料在对流允许尺度下进行了同化。 本记录提供的是2013年至2020年时段内2米高度处的逐小时地面相对湿度数据。受存储空间限制，1995-2020年完整时段的数据集分为三个独立记录发布： 1995-2003：https://zenodo.org/uploads/12724026 2004-2012：https://zenodo.org/uploads/12724104 2013-2020：https://zenodo.org/uploads/12724140 目前在Zenodo平台上线的其他数据集字段还包括：2米高度处地面气温（同样受存储空间限制分为三个独立记录）： 1995-2003：https://zenodo.org/records/12567563 2004-2012：https://zenodo.org/records/12582246 2013-2020：https://zenodo.org/records/12582797 以及逐小时累积总降水量数据：https://zenodo.org/records/14617083 有关SPHERA数据集的制作细节，以及针对地面观测资料的数据验证结果，已发表于同行评议学术期刊，详见参考文献。