Data from: Paternal effects on the expression of a male polyphenism

Polyphenic traits are widespread, but compared to other traits, relatively few studies have explored the mechanisms that influence their inheritance. Here we investigated the relative importance of additive, nonadditive genetic, and parental sources of variation in the expression of polyphenic male dimorphism in the mite Rhizoglyphus echinopus, a species in which males are either fighters or scramblers. We established eight inbred lines through eight generations of full-sibling matings, and then crossed the inbred lines in a partial diallel design. Nymphs were isolated and raised to adulthood with ad libitum food. At adulthood, male morph was recorded for all male offspring. Using a Cockerham-Weir model we found strong paternal effects for this polyphenic trait that could be either linked to the Y chromosome of males or an indirect genetic effect that is environmentally transmitted. In additional analyses we were able to corroborate the paternal effects but also detected significant additive effects questioning the Cockerham-Weir analysis. This study reveals the potential importance of paternal effects on the expression of polyphenic traits and sheds light on the complex genetic architecture of these traits.,Buzatto et al 2012 inbred lines dataThis file contains basic information about the inbred lines used in the partial diallel breeding design used in the article. It contains the average body weight (measured at the quiescent tritonymph stage, in mg), and the average morph ratio of each of the eight inbred lines.Buzatto et al 2012 Partial Diallel dataThis file contains the results of the partial diallel analysis reported in the article. Crosses are between eight inbred lines of the bulb mite Rhizoglyphus echinopus (see design in the article). Each line in the file represents an individual offspring. Variables are the number of the inbred line of the dam and sire of each cross; a letter indicating from which replicate of that specific cross that offspring came from; the offspring morph (response variable in the analysis); the morph of the sire.,

多型性状（polyphenic traits）分布广泛，但相较于其他性状，探索其遗传调控机制的研究相对匮乏。本研究以球根螨（Rhizoglyphus echinopus）为研究对象，该物种的雄螨分为格斗型（fighters）与漫游型（scramblers）两种表型；我们旨在探究加性、非加性遗传以及亲本来源的变异，对该物种多型雄性二态性（polyphenic male dimorphism）表型表达的相对重要性。

我们通过8代全同胞交配构建了8个近交系（inbred lines），并采用半双列杂交设计（partial diallel design）对这些近交系进行杂交。将若虫分离后，在充足食物（ad libitum food）条件下饲养至成虫阶段；待子代发育至成虫后，记录所有雄螨子代的表型类型。

我们采用Cockerham-Weir模型进行分析，发现该多型性状存在显著的父本效应，这种效应可能与雄螨的Y染色体相关，或是一种经环境传递的间接遗传效应。后续补充分析中，我们验证了父本效应的存在，但同时也检测到了显著的加性遗传效应，这一结果对Cockerham-Weir模型的分析结论提出了质疑。本研究揭示了父本效应对多型性状表型表达的潜在重要性，并为阐明这类性状的复杂遗传架构（genetic architecture）提供了新的研究视角。

### Buzatto等人2012年近交系数据集
本文件包含本文中半双列杂交育种设计所用8个近交系的基础信息，包括各近交系在静止第三若虫阶段（quiescent tritonymph stage）测得的平均体重（单位：mg），以及各近交系的平均表型比例。

### Buzatto等人2012年半双列杂交数据集
本文件包含本文中报道的半双列杂交分析结果。杂交涉及球根螨（Rhizoglyphus echinopus）的8个近交系（具体实验设计详见本文）。文件中每一行代表一只子代个体，记录的变量包括：各杂交组合中母本（dam）与父本（sire）所属近交系编号、子代个体所属特定杂交组合的重复标识字母、子代雄螨表型类型（本分析的响应变量），以及父本的表型类型。