Table 2 in Cirsium taiwanense (Compositae, Cirsium sect. Onotrophe, subsect. Australicirsium), a new species from Taiwan

Table 2. Summary of diagnostic characters of Cirsium Mill. subsect. Cirsium Australicirsium Kitam. in Taiwan. CharactersC. arisanenseC. hosokawaeC. taiwanenseRosette leavesSize (cm)31.32 ± 13.71a × 5.55 ± 1.27a19.69 ± 3.79b × 4.42 ± 1.02a26.05 ± 6.18ab × 5.55 ± 1.27aShapenarrowly ellipticnarrowly elliptic to oblanceolatenarrowly elliptic to oblanceolateAngle between midrib and lateral vein (°)68.78 ± 5.12b83.05 ± 9.88a63.04 ± 12.00bCobwebby hairs on abaxial leaf surfaceAbsentpresentpresentCauline leavesSize (cm)12.70 ± 5.84b × 4.10 ± 2.95a17.88 ± 0.78a × 5.26 ± 0.74a16.17 ± 5.01ab × 4.85 ± 1.56aAngle between midrib and lateral vein (°)65.31 ± 9.06b83.73 ± 9.53a62.30 ± 10.71bCobwebby hairs on abaxial leaf surfaceAbsentpresentpresentCapitulaMature capitulaerect or sometimes noddingnoddingnoddingSize (cm)3.05 ± 0.22a × 1.42 ± 0.25ab2.60 ± 0.66a × 1.18 ± 0.32b3.03 ± 0.22a × 1.61 ± 0.17aPhyllariesLength ratio (inner vs. outer)2.05 ± 0.75ab1.46 ± 0.33b2.91 ± 0.73aLength of the reflexed part of the phyllaries (mm)4.88 ± 1.23a2.33 ± 0.80b2.30 ± 0.18bNumber81.3 ± 11.5b86.3 ± 12.0b111.7 ± 13.3aFloretsLength (cm)2.54 ± 0.15ab2.46 ± 0.21b2.63 ± 0.21aInflated part of corolla tube length (mm)4.39 ± 0.63b4.41 ± 0.46b5.11 ± 0.70aCorolla colorYellowvivid purplish redyellowCorolla lobesRevoluteerecterectAnther length (mm)6.02 ± 0.78b6.10 ± 0.51b6.86 ± 0.80aNumber102.7 ± 24.1ab84.6 ± 19.5b129.7 ± 30.1bAcheneSize (mm)3.77 ± 0.16a × 1.49 ± 0.06ab3.95 ± 0.13a × 1.37 ± 0.05b3.97 ± 0.18a × 1.65 ± 0.07aPappus length (cm)1.66 ± 0.04a1.29 ± 0.04b1.60 ± 0.05aPollenPollen size (P/E, μm)47.61 ± 0.80a / 46.37 ± 1.00a41.40 ± 0.60b / 41.15 ± 0.75b48.50 ± 0.80a / 47.00 ± 1.00aPollen spine length (μm)4.25 ± 0.18a3.91 ± 0.14ab3.20 ± 0.18bcPollen spine base width (μm)4.44 ± 0.26a5.33 ± 0.19a4.74 ± 0.26aChromosome number2 n = 342 n = 342 n = 32DistributionEndemic to Taiwan; widely distributed in open mountain areas at 1500-3800 m a.s.l. (Chang et al. 2019).Endemic to Taiwan; open areas at 1400-3600 m a.s.l. in central-northern Taiwan.Endemic to Taiwan; open areas at 1400-3400 m a.s.l. in central-northern Taiwan. abc Means in the same row followed by the same letter are not significantly different (p ≤ 0.05; Tukey’s HSD test).表2 台湾地区蓟属（*Cirsium* Mill.）南蓟亚组（*subsect. Cirsium Australicirsium* Kitam.）的诊断性状汇总。 性状 阿里山蓟（*Cirsium arisanense*） 细川蓟（*Cirsium hosokawae*） 台湾蓟（*Cirsium taiwanense*） 莲座叶 尺寸（cm） 31.32 ± 13.71a × 5.55 ± 1.27a 19.69 ± 3.79b × 4.42 ± 1.02a 26.05 ± 6.18ab × 5.55 ± 1.27a 形状 狭椭圆形 狭椭圆形至倒披针形 狭椭圆形至倒披针形 中脉与侧脉夹角（°） 68.78 ± 5.12b 83.05 ± 9.88a 63.04 ± 12.00b 叶背面蛛丝状毛 无 有 有 茎生叶 尺寸（cm） 12.70 ± 5.84b × 4.10 ± 2.95a 17.88 ± 0.78a × 5.26 ± 0.74a 16.17 ± 5.01ab × 4.85 ± 1.56a 中脉与侧脉夹角（°） 65.31 ± 9.06b 83.73 ± 9.53a 62.30 ± 10.71b 叶背面蛛丝状毛 无 有 有 头状花序 成熟头状花序 直立或有时下垂 下垂 下垂 尺寸（cm） 3.05 ± 0.22a × 1.42 ± 0.25ab 2.60 ± 0.66a × 1.18 ± 0.32b 3.03 ± 0.22a × 1.61 ± 0.17a 总苞片 内/外总苞片长度比 2.05 ± 0.75ab 1.46 ± 0.33b 2.91 ± 0.73a 总苞片反折部分长度（mm） 4.88 ± 1.23a 2.33 ± 0.80b 2.30 ± 0.18b 总苞片数目 81.3 ± 11.5b 86.3 ± 12.0b 111.7 ± 13.3a 小花 小花长度（cm） 2.54 ± 0.15ab 2.46 ± 0.21b 2.63 ± 0.21a 花冠筒膨大部分长度（mm） 4.39 ± 0.63b 4.41 ± 0.46b 5.11 ± 0.70a 花冠颜色 黄色 鲜紫红色 黄色 花冠裂片 反折 直立 直立 花药长度（mm） 6.02 ± 0.78b 6.10 ± 0.51b 6.86 ± 0.80a 小花数目 102.7 ± 24.1ab 84.6 ± 19.5b 129.7 ± 30.1b 瘦果 瘦果尺寸（mm） 3.77 ± 0.16a × 1.49 ± 0.06ab 3.95 ± 0.13a × 1.37 ± 0.05b 3.97 ± 0.18a × 1.65 ± 0.07a 冠毛长度（cm） 1.66 ± 0.04a 1.29 ± 0.04b 1.60 ± 0.05a 花粉 花粉大小（P/E，μm） 47.61 ± 0.80a / 46.37 ± 1.00a 41.40 ± 0.60b / 41.15 ± 0.75b 48.50 ± 0.80a / 47.00 ± 1.00a 花粉刺长度（μm） 4.25 ± 0.18a 3.91 ± 0.14ab 3.20 ± 0.18bc 花粉刺基部宽度（μm） 4.44 ± 0.26a 5.33 ± 0.19a 4.74 ± 0.26a 染色体数目 2n = 34 2n = 34 2n = 32 分布 台湾特有，广泛分布于海拔1500~3800米的开阔山地（Chang等，2019） 台湾特有，分布于台湾中北部海拔1400~3600米的开阔地带 台湾特有，分布于台湾中北部海拔1400~3400米的开阔地带 注：同行中带有相同字母的均值不存在显著性差异（p ≤ 0.05；Tukey’s HSD检验）