Parkes observations for project P1050 semester 2022OCTS_16

This is a request for the observation time for the timing campaign of new pulsars discovered in the reprocessing of the low-latitude Galactic plane section of the HTRU-S survey (HTRU-S LowLat) and the Parkes Multibeam Pulsar Survey (PMPS). We have completed 90 % of the HTRU-S LowLat survey and completed zero acceleration PMPS search with GPU-based coherent acceleration search, template bank, and fast folding algorithm pipelines and now have discovered 115 previously unknown pulsars among which 20 were found in the PMPS. Interesting science can usually only be derived from a new pulsar after confirmation, and a follow-up timing campaign is carried out. At least one year of initial timing is the minimum timespan required to fully characterise any newly-discovered pulsars, essential for deriving pulsar parameters such as the characteristic age, magnetic field strength, and spin-down rate, as well as for detecting any unexpected behaviour of the pulsar which might result from emission instabilities. This project is necessary for the timing of several interesting pulsars, including binary pulsars, high DM pulsars, scattered profile pulsars, and bright ones that show emissions in larger bandwidths in the UWL band. The follow-up timing in OCTS22 will assist in completing many exciting large-term science goals. In addition, the data obtained from this timing project will allow us to obtain many auxiliary scientific results which would help us understand the nature of the interstellar medium, spectral properties as well as pulsar emission mechanism.

本请求旨在为HTRU-S巡天低银道面区域（HTRU-S LowLat）以及帕克斯多波束脉冲星巡天（Parkes Multibeam Pulsar Survey, PMPS）的再处理工作中发现的新脉冲星，申请计时观测项目所需的观测时长。我们已完成HTRU-S LowLat巡天90%的观测任务，并通过基于图形处理器（Graphics Processing Unit, GPU）的相干加速搜索、模板库及快速折叠算法（fast folding algorithm）流程完成了零加速PMPS搜索，目前已发现115颗此前未被记录的脉冲星，其中20颗来自PMPS。通常而言，新发现的脉冲星仅在得到确认并开展后续计时观测项目后，才能产出具有科学价值的研究成果。对新发现脉冲星开展至少一年的初始计时观测是完全表征其物理特性的最低时长要求，这对于推导脉冲星的特征年龄、磁场强度、自转减速率等关键参数，以及探测可能由辐射不稳定性引发的脉冲星异常行为至关重要。本项目可为多类极具科学价值的脉冲星提供计时观测支持，包括双星脉冲星、高色散量（Dispersion Measure, DM）脉冲星、轮廓展宽脉冲星，以及在UWL波段展现出宽频辐射的亮脉冲星。本次在OCTS22框架下开展的后续计时观测将助力完成多项振奋人心的长期科学目标。此外，本计时项目获取的观测数据还将支撑多项辅助科学研究，帮助我们深入理解星际介质（Interstellar Medium, ISM）的特性、光谱属性以及脉冲星的辐射机制。