The Impact of Lithium Chloride Pretreatment on MicroRNA Expression Levels in Exosomes Derived from Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Exosomes are extracellular vesicles, 30~150 nm in diameter, characterized by a phospholipid bilayer membrane structure and secreted by cells through the endosomal pathway. These vesicles carry diverse bioactive molecules, including DNA, RNA, lipids, and metabolites, and play crucial roles in mediating intercellular communication and facilitating material transport.Various physical and chemical pretreatment methods, such as hypoxia, ultrasound, and specific compounds, have been shown to reprogram exosomes, increase the yield of engineered exosome preparations, or alter their contents, including RNA expression levels.LiCl, a small-molecule agonist of the Wnt pathway, upregulates Wnt signaling by inhibiting GSK-3ß, thereby mimicking Wnt signal transduction, maintaining the differentiation potential of hUC-MSCs, and promoting their proliferation.This sequencing result suggested that LiCl-pretreated HUCMscs derived exosomal mirnas were indeed altered Overall design: miRNA sequencing of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes in lithium chloride pretreated group and untreated group