Data from: The incidence and pattern of co-pollinator diversification in dioecious and monoecious figs

Differences in breeding system are associated with correlated ecological and morphological changes in plants. In Ficus, dioecy and monoecy are strongly associated with different suites of traits (tree height, population density, fruiting frequency, pollinator dispersal ecology). Although ~30% of fig species are pollinated by multiple species of fig-pollinating wasps it has been suggested that co-pollinators are rare in dioecious figs. Here we test whether there is a connection between fig breeding system and co-pollinator incidence and diversification by conducting a meta-analysis of molecular data from pollinators of 119 fig species that includes new data from 15 Asian fig species. We find that the incidence of co-pollinators is not significantly different between monoecious and dioecious Ficus, and while all co-pollinators in dioecious figs are sister taxa, only 32.1% in monoecious figs are sister taxa. We present hypotheses to explain those patterns and discuss their consequences on the evolution of this mutualism.

植物的繁殖系统差异往往与相关的生态与形态变化存在紧密关联。在榕属（Ficus）植物中，雌雄异株（dioecy）与雌雄同株（monoecy）分别与一系列独特的性状组合显著相关，涵盖树高、种群密度、结实频率以及传粉者扩散生态。尽管约30%的榕属物种会被多种榕小蜂（fig-pollinating wasps）传粉，但已有研究指出，雌雄异株榕属内共传粉者（co-pollinator）的出现较为罕见。本研究针对119种榕树的传粉者分子数据开展元分析（meta-analysis），其中包含15种亚洲榕属植物的全新测序数据，以此检验榕属繁殖系统与共传粉者出现率及类群分化之间是否存在关联。研究结果显示，雌雄同株与雌雄异株榕属的共传粉者出现率并无显著差异；同时，雌雄异株榕属中的所有共传粉者均为姊妹类群（sister taxa），而雌雄同株榕属中仅32.1%的共传粉者属于姊妹类群。最后，我们针对上述研究结果提出相应假说，并探讨了其对该互利共生（mutualism）体系演化的潜在影响。