FUS facilitates gene body export from nuclear condensates

Membraneless nuclear condensates are an emerging model of transcriptional regulation that involves spatially clustered enhancers and genes forming transcription condensates (TCs). We used a physical isolation approach and DNA/nascent RNA analysis to investigate the global organization of the genome in TCs. Comparative analysis of the two revealed the dynamic nature of the genome, with stable localization of promoters, dynamic recruitment of enhancers, and dynamic export of gene bodies out of TCs upon gene activation. Our findings also suggest that the RNA binding protein FUS undergoes decondensation upon nascent RNA binding, facilitating gene body export out of TCs. Nascent RNA sequencing and DNA sequencing of whole nuclear vs nuclear condensate compartments, with biological replicates in HeLa cells and FUS overexpressed vs wild type HEK293 cells