Hourly air pollution data for Graz, Austria

The dataset spans from January 1, 2014, to March 15, 2020, with measurements recorded on an hourly basis. The environmental and pollutant data was provided by the Austrian government under the following license: CC-BY-4.0: Land Steiermark - data.steiermark.gv.at Air quality by means of NO2, NO, NOx, PM10 and O3 was measured at five sites in Graz, Austria (Süd (eng. South) - S, Nord (eng. North) - N, West (eng. West) - W, Don Bosco – D, Ost (eng. East) – O). Temperature, precipitation, relative humidity, pressure, and wind speed are among the weather conditions considered. To represent wind direction, the wind speed was multiplied by the sine and cosine of the wind direction. Lags were generated using weather data, considering the last 12 data points. The mean of these 12 values was then calculated to represent an hourly metric. The ERA5-Land data is subject to the Copernicus licence from following source https://cds.climate.copernicus.eu/cdsapp#!/dataset/10.24381/cds.e2161bac?tab=overview it includes following variables : Snowfall - sf Surface latent heat flux - slhf Snowmelt - smlt Snow cover - snowc Windspeed - speed Surface latent heat flux sshf Soil temperature level 4 - stl4 Skin temperature - str Surface thermal radiation downwards - strd Total precipitation - tp Temperature of snow layer - tsn 10m u-component of wind - u10 10m v-component of wind - v10 Surface net radiation - rsn Snow depth - sd Snow depth water equivalent - sde 2m dewpoint temperature - d2m Forecast albedo - fal Temporal values are also incorporated into this dataset, values such as holidays, weekdays, seasons, and months. The dataset includes Prophet values for all pollutants, which were determined by considering various metrics such as trend, seasonality (weekly, yearly, and daily), as well as yhat lower and upper bounds.本数据集的时间跨度为2014年1月1日至2020年3月15日，所有测量数据按小时频次记录。环境与污染物数据由奥地利政府提供，采用CC BY 4.0（CC-BY-4.0）许可协议，数据来源为施蒂利亚州（Land Steiermark）官方数据平台data.steiermark.gv.at。研究团队在奥地利格拉茨市的5个监测点（南区S、北区N、西区W、唐博斯科D、东区O）开展了NO₂、NO、NOₓ、PM₁₀及O₃的空气质量监测。本数据集涵盖的气象条件包括气温、降水量、相对湿度、气压与风速；为量化表征风向，将风速分别与风向的正弦、余弦值相乘。基于近12个时刻的气象数据生成滞后特征，并计算该12个值的均值以构建小时级指标。ERA5-Land数据（ERA5-Land）遵循哥白尼（Copernicus）许可协议，其官方来源为https://cds.climate.copernicus.eu/cdsapp#!/dataset/10.24381/cds.e2161bac?tab=overview，包含以下变量：降雪量（sf）、表面潜热通量（slhf）、融雪量（smlt）、雪盖率（snowc）、风速（speed）、表面潜热通量（sshf）、4层土壤温度（stl4）、皮肤温度（str）、向下表面热辐射（strd）、总降水量（tp）、雪层温度（tsn）、10米高度u分量风速（u10）、10米高度v分量风速（v10）、表面净辐射（rsn）、雪深（sd）、雪深水当量（sde）、2米高度露点温度（d2m）以及预报反照率（fal）。本数据集同时纳入了多类时间维度特征，包括节假日、工作日、季节及月份信息。此外，数据集包含所有污染物的Prophet预测值，该类预测值通过综合考量趋势、周/年/日季节性以及yhat上下界等多项指标计算得到。