CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF CEREAL GRAINS AND THEIR IMPORTANCE AS A SOURCE OF ESSENTIAL FATTY ACIDS

This article scientifically discusses the chemical composition of cereal grains and their importance as a source of essential fatty acids. Cereal grains are rich in proteins, vitamins (especially group E and B), minerals and biologically active compounds, and have important nutritional value for the human body. In particular, essential fatty acids such as linoleic and linolenic acids are not synthesized in the body and must be obtained from external sources. The results of the study show that the use of cereal grains is of great importance in preventing cardiovascular diseases, strengthening the immune system and improving metabolic processes. At the same time, the prospects for the production of functional food products based on cereal germs are also substantiated.本文从科学视角系统探讨了谷粒的化学组成，以及其作为必需脂肪酸(essential fatty acids)来源的核心价值。谷粒富含蛋白质、维生素（尤以E族与B族维生素为突出）、矿物质及生物活性化合物，对人体具备重要的营养学价值。具体而言，诸如亚油酸(linoleic acid)与亚麻酸(linolenic acid)这类必需脂肪酸无法在人体内自主合成，必须通过外源途径获取。本研究结果表明，谷粒的合理摄入在预防心血管疾病、增强免疫系统功能以及优化代谢进程方面具有重要意义。与此同时，基于谷粒胚芽开发功能性食品的应用前景也得到了实证支撑。