New Zealand orthopteran standard metabolic rate

This is the dataset for the article ‘Standard metabolic rate variation among New Zealand Orthoptera’ We examined variation in standard metabolic rate (SMR) among fifteen species of New Zealand orthopteran. These species represent a heterogeneous group with a wide geographic distribution, differing morphologies and life histories. Gathering original data on morphological and physiological traits of individual species is a first step towards understanding existent variability. Individual metabolic rates of ectotherms are one of the first traits to respond to climate change. Baseline SMR datasets are valuable for modelling current species distributions and their responses to a changing climate. At higher latitudes, the average environmental temperature decreases. The pattern that cold-adapted ectotherms display higher SMR at colder temperatures and greater thermal sensitivity to compensate for lower temperatures and the shorter growing and reproductive seasons is predicted from the metabolic cold adaptation (MCA) hypothesis. We predict higher SMR for the orthopteran species found at higher latitudes. We further compared the index of thermal sensitivity Q10 per species. We used closed-system respirometry to measure SMR, at two test temperatures (4ºC and 14ºC), for the fifteen species acclimated to the same conditions. Abbreviations used in the dataset Species = The scientific name of each of the fifteen species of orthopterans studied. ID = The laboratory identification number that each individual received. Sex = Female or male. Mass = Body mass measured in grams. SMR4C* = Standard metabolic rate measured as at 4ºC in ml O2/hour. SMR14C* = Standard metabolic rate measured at 14ºC in ml O2/hour. Q10 = The index of thermal sensitivity, calculated using the equation: Q10 = (R2/R1)10/(T2-T1) (Schmidt-Nielsen 1997), where R1 is the rate at the lower temperature (T1), and R2 the rate at the higher temperature (T2). Latitude = Latitude at which the insect was collected, in ºS. Longitude = Longitude at which the insect was collected, in ºE. Elevation = Elevation at which the insect was collected, in m.a.s.l. Chamber_O2_volume_minus_insect_volume = The volume of the glass chamber minus the volume occupied in the chamber by the insect, expressed in ml. *Rates of O2 consumption (ml O2/h) were calculated as a proxy for SMR using the equation: V(Fi-Ff)/(1-Ff)t (Vleck 1987) where V is the volume of air in the chamber, Fi and Ff are the initial and final O2 lifetime, respectively, and t is the duration of the measurement period, expressed in hours. References Schmidt-Nielsen, K., 1997. Animal Physiology: Adaptation and Environment. Fifth ed. Cambridge University Press. Cambridge, UK. Vleck, D., 1987. Measurement of O2 consumption, CO2 production, and water vapor production in a closed system. J. Appl. Physiol. 62, 2103–2106.本数据集配套论文为《新西兰直翅目昆虫的标准代谢率变异》（Standard metabolic rate variation among New Zealand Orthoptera）。 本研究对15种新西兰直翅目昆虫的标准代谢率（standard metabolic rate, SMR）变异情况展开了调查。这些物种构成异质性类群，具有广泛的地理分布、多样的形态特征与生活史。收集单个物种的形态与生理性状原始数据，是理解现存代谢变异的首要步骤。外温动物的个体代谢速率是响应气候变化的首批关键性状之一。基准标准代谢率数据集对于模拟当前物种分布及其对气候变化的响应具有重要价值。 在高纬度地区，平均环境温度更低。代谢冷适应（metabolic cold adaptation, MCA）假说预测，冷适应型外温动物在低温环境下会表现出更高的标准代谢率与更强的热敏感性，以弥补低温带来的不利影响以及更短的生长与繁殖周期。据此，我们预测在高纬度地区分布的直翅目昆虫会具有更高的标准代谢率。本研究还进一步比较了各物种的热敏感性指数Q10。 我们采用封闭系统呼吸测热法，对在相同实验室条件下驯化的15个物种进行了标准代谢率测定，测试温度设置为4℃与14℃。 ### 数据集所用缩写说明 Species：所研究的15种直翅目昆虫的学名。 ID：每个实验个体的实验室编号。 Sex：个体性别，分为雌性与雄性。 Mass：以克（g）为单位的体质量。 SMR4C*：在4℃下测定的标准代谢率，单位为ml O₂/小时。 SMR14C*：在14℃下测定的标准代谢率，单位为ml O₂/小时。 Q10：热敏感性指数，计算公式为：Q10 = (R2/R1)^[10/(T2-T1)]（Schmidt-Nielsen 1997），其中R1为低温（T1）下的代谢速率，R2为高温（T2）下的代谢速率。 Latitude：昆虫采集地的纬度，单位为南纬（ºS）。 Longitude：昆虫采集地的经度，单位为东经（ºE）。 Elevation：昆虫采集地的海拔高度，单位为米以上海平面（m.a.s.l.）。 Chamber_O2_volume_minus_insect_volume：玻璃呼吸室体积减去昆虫在室内占据的体积，单位为ml。 * 耗氧速率（ml O₂/小时）通过公式V(Fi-Ff)/(1-Ff)t（Vleck 1987）计算得到，以此作为标准代谢率的替代指标。其中V为呼吸室内空气体积，Fi与Ff分别为初始与最终的氧浓度，t为测定时长，单位为小时。 ### 参考文献 1. Schmidt-Nielsen, K., 1997. Animal Physiology: Adaptation and Environment. Fifth ed. Cambridge University Press. Cambridge, UK. （中文译：施密特-尼尔森 K.，1997. 《动物生理学：适应与环境》（第5版）. 英国剑桥：剑桥大学出版社） 2. Vleck, D., 1987. Measurement of O2 consumption, CO2 production, and water vapor production in a closed system. J. Appl. Physiol. 62, 2103–2106. （中文译：弗莱克 D.，1987. 封闭系统中耗氧量、二氧化碳产生量与水蒸气产生量的测定. 《应用生理学杂志》，62卷：2103–2106）