Data from: Life-history characteristics and landscape attributes as drivers of genetic variation, gene flow and fine-scale population structure in Northern Dolly Varden (Salvelinus malma malma) in Canada

AbstractThe Northern Dolly Varden (Salvelinus malma malma) displays variable life-history types and occupies freshwater habitats with varying levels of connectivity. Here, we assayed microsatellite DNA variation in Northern Dolly Varden from the western Canadian Arctic to resolve landscape and life history variables driving variation in genetic diversity and population structure. Overall, genetic variation was highest in anadromous populations and lowest in those isolated above waterfalls with stream-resident forms intermediate between the two. Anadromous and isolated populations were genetically divergent from each other while no genetic differentiation was detectable between sympatric anadromous and stream-resident forms. Population structure was stable over 25 years, hierarchically organized and conformed to an isolation-by-distance pattern, but stream-isolated forms often deviated from these patterns. Gene flow occurred primarily among Yukon North Slope populations and between sympatric anadromous and resident forms. These results were sex-dependent to some extent, but were influenced more by reproductive status and life history. Our study provides novel insights into the life history, population demographic and habitat variables that shape the distribution of genetic variation and population structure in Arctic fluvial habitats while providing a spatial context for management and conservation., Usage notesGenepop FileThis file contains all microsatellite data for all samples/individuals. The year the samples were collected is included as well as the life history type (either freshwater resident (res) or freshwater isolated (iso) forms - note that no code is used for anadromous individuals which constitutes the majority of the samples).Genepop3D-All Samples

摘要：北多尔利红点鲑（Northern Dolly Varden, Salvelinus malma malma）具有多样的生活史类型，栖息于连通性水平各异的淡水生境中。本研究对加拿大北极西部区域的北多尔利红点鲑开展微卫星DNA（microsatellite DNA）变异分析，以解析驱动遗传多样性与种群结构变异的景观因子及生活史变量。总体而言，溯河洄游种群（anadromous populations）的遗传变异水平最高，隔离于瀑布上方的种群遗传变异水平最低，溪流定居型种群（stream-resident forms）的遗传变异水平介于两者之间。溯河洄游种群与隔离种群之间存在显著的遗传分化，而同域分布的溯河洄游型与溪流定居型个体之间则未检测到遗传分化。种群结构在25年间保持稳定，呈层级式组织模式且符合距离隔离（isolation-by-distance）格局，但溪流隔离型种群往往偏离上述规律。基因流主要发生在育空北坡（Yukon North Slope）种群之间，以及同域分布的溯河洄游型与定居型个体之间。本研究结果在一定程度上存在性别依赖性，但更多受繁殖状态与生活史的影响。本研究为阐明北极河流生境中塑造遗传变异分布与种群结构的生活史、种群统计及生境变量提供了新的见解，同时为管理与保护工作提供了空间参考框架。使用说明：Genepop文件：该文件包含所有样本/个体的全部微卫星数据，同时包含样本采集年份与生活史类型，其中生活史类型分为淡水定居型（res）与淡水隔离型（iso）两类——需注意，占样本绝大多数的溯河洄游个体未设置编码。本数据集为Genepop3D-所有样本