SD4EO: AI-based synthetic satellite Sentinel-2 images of cities and building coverture (RGB+NIR bands)

This dataset has been created as part of the deliverables for ESA’s SD4EO project. It consists of synthetic versions of Sentinel-2 images in urban areas. These images were synthetically generated using schematic representations from Open Street Maps as a guide to create AI-based conditioned diffusion model images in the visible and near-infrared spectrum, along with coverage masks for non-residential buildings and the set of residential buildings combined with the former. A total of five synthetic variants were generated for each of the eleven cities: Paris Toulouse Poitiers Bordeaux Limoges Clermont-Ferrand Troyes Le Mans Angers Madrid Niort The file names within the ZIP archive follow a very simple schema: `assembled_` + city name + usage or band indicator + variant + PNG extension Each of the four types of images has a different indicator or band: `_RGB_` for images encoding visible spectrum signals `_IR_` for images generated for the near-infrared band `_full_allbuildingmask` for the coverage pixel mask of all building types in floating point `_full_nonresidentialmask` for the coverage pixel mask of non-residential buildings in floating point The SD4EO Project is funded by the ESA’s FutureEO programme under contract no. 4000142334/23/I-DT and supervised by ESA Φ-lab. note: This version 2.0 includes synthetic data from Niort city too.本数据集作为欧洲空间局（ESA）SD4EO项目的交付成果之一研制完成。其包含城市区域的哨兵-2（Sentinel-2）影像合成版本。这些影像以开放街道地图（Open Street Maps）的示意图为参考依据，基于可见光与近红外光谱域，借助基于人工智能的条件扩散模型生成，同时附带非住宅建筑覆盖像素掩码，以及住宅建筑与非住宅建筑合并后的覆盖像素掩码。 共计为11座城市各生成5种合成变体，涉及城市如下： 巴黎（Paris）、图卢兹（Toulouse）、普瓦捷（Poitiers）、波尔多（Bordeaux）、利摩日（Limoges）、克莱蒙费朗（Clermont-Ferrand）、特鲁瓦（Troyes）、勒芒（Le Mans）、昂热（Angers）、马德里（Madrid）、尼奥尔（Niort） ZIP归档内的文件名遵循极简命名规则：`assembled_` + 城市名 + 使用场景或波段标识 + 变体编号 + `.PNG` 扩展名。四类影像各对应专属的标识或波段后缀： - `_RGB_`：代表编码可见光光谱信号的影像 - `_IR_`：代表针对近红外波段生成的影像 - `_full_allbuildingmask`：浮点格式的全类型建筑覆盖像素掩码 - `_full_nonresidentialmask`：浮点格式的非住宅建筑覆盖像素掩码 SD4EO项目由欧洲空间局（ESA）未来EO（FutureEO）计划资助，合同编号为4000142334/23/I-DT，并由ESA Φ-lab负责监管。 注：本2.0版本亦包含尼奥尔市的合成影像数据。