Charlock mustard (Sinapis arvensis): a weed reservoir for begomoviruses and associated betasatellite in Jordan

Four crop-infecting begomoviruses were found naturally affecting Charlock mustard (Sinapis arvensis L.) plants in Jordan and characterized at the molecular level. Symptoms included leaf curling and stunting. PCR analysis showed the presence of Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV), Tomato yellow leaf curl Sardinia virus (TYLCSV), Squash leaf curl virus (SLCV) and Watermelon chlorotic stunt virus (WmCSV). These viruses were associated with Cotton leaf curl Gezira betasatellite (CLCuGβ). Sequence analysis revealed that TYLCV and TYLCSV had 98.5% and 99.3% nucleotide (nt) sequence identities with a previously described TYLCV strain from Florida and TYLCSV from Sardinia, respectively. The other two viruses, SLCV and WmCSV, shared 99.7% and 99.5% nt identities with previously described strains from Jordan. Sequence analysis also showed that CLCuGβ had 98.8% nt identity with a strain from Israel. To our knowledge, this is the first report of S. arvensis as a natural host of SLCV, WmCSV, TYLCSV and CLCuGβ.

研究人员在约旦地区发现，四种可侵染作物的菜豆金色花叶病毒属病毒（begomoviruses）自然侵染田芥菜（Sinapis arvensis L.，俗称野芥菜）植株，并对其开展了分子水平的鉴定与表征。受侵染植株表现出叶片卷曲与植株矮化的典型症状。聚合酶链式反应（Polymerase Chain Reaction, PCR）检测结果显示，样品中检出番茄黄化曲叶病毒（Tomato yellow leaf curl virus, TYLCV）、番茄黄化曲叶撒丁岛病毒（Tomato yellow leaf curl Sardinia virus, TYLCSV）、南瓜曲叶病毒（Squash leaf curl virus, SLCV）以及西瓜褪绿矮缩病毒（Watermelon chlorotic stunt virus, WmCSV）。上述病毒均伴随棉花曲叶吉齐拉贝塔卫星（Cotton leaf curl Gezira betasatellite, CLCuGβ）共同存在。序列分析结果表明，TYLCV与TYLCSV的核苷酸（nucleotide, nt）序列同源性分别与此前报道的佛罗里达州TYLCV毒株、撒丁岛TYLCSV毒株达到98.5%与99.3%。另外两种病毒SLCV与WmCSV，则分别与约旦地区已报道的对应毒株共享99.7%与99.5%的核苷酸序列同源性。序列分析同时显示，CLCuGβ与以色列地区已报道的对应毒株的核苷酸序列同源性为98.8%。据我们所知，本研究首次报道田芥菜（S. arvensis）作为SLCV、WmCSV、TYLCV以及CLCuGβ的自然宿主。