eccDNAs and ATAC sequencing of Nipponbare

Extrachromosomal circular DNAs (eccDNAs) has been identified in various of eukaryotic organisms as a kind of important molecules participated in the genomic plasticity. Holding functions in physiological or pathological processes of mammals and microbes cell, eccDNAs have been observed in many situations such as cancer, aging and environmental stress responses. While in higher plants, particularly the crop plants, the description on eccDNAs is still in a stage of stagnant.Rice, Oryza sativa ssp. japonica cv. Nipponbare, is the most important crop plants linked with the life of over half of the populations in the word, while which growth is always under lots of environmental challenges. To encourage the rice production, deep studies on the biologic of rice plants nutrition have been already sprayed in the area of traditional genetic molecules on chromosomes. Meanwhile, with the development and maturation on the studies of outside the chromosomes, these molecules, especially the circular one (eccDNAs), have also been noticed by scientists. However, compared with the comprehensive investigations on rice chromosomes, whether eccDNAs could take responses on nutrition pressures in rice plants or not is still lack of discovery. To elucidate this query, this study described the overall landscape information on eccDNAs in Nipponbare, identified that rice can take responses to environmental nitrogen and phosphorus pressures through the induction of eccDNAs species and counts. Further more, eccDNAs can modulate rice tolerance to nutrition pressures and increase rice plants adaptive ability through the enrichment revolution on specific sequences, which directly supports the genome plasticity in rice under different environmental nutrition strategies.