Data from: Characteristics of NPS use in patients admitted to acute psychiatric services in Southeast Scotland: a retrospective cross-sectional analysis following public health interventions

Objectives: Assess the impact of selective prohibition and seizure of NPS supply on NPS use prevalence within psychiatric admissions and evaluate demographic characteristics of current NPS users. Design: A 6-month retrospective cross-sectional analysis of discharge letters between 1st October 2015 – 31st March 2016. Setting: General Psychiatry inpatients and Intensive Home Treatment Team community patients at a psychiatric hospital in a Scottish city. Participants: All participants were between the ages 18-65. After application of exclusion criteria, 473 discharge letters of General Psychiatry patients were deemed suitable for analysis and 264 Intensive Home Treatment Team (IHTT) patient discharge letters were analysed. Interventions: A nationwide Temporary Class Drug Order (TCDO) was placed on 10th April 2015 reclassifying methylphenidate-related compounds as Class B substances. On 15th October 2015, local Forfeiture Orders were granted to Trading Standards permitting the seizure of NPS supplies. Primary and secondary outcome measures: The primary outcome measure was to determine the prevalence of NPS use in two cohorts. Secondly, demographic features of patients and details regarding their psychiatric presentation were analysed. Results: The prevalence of NPS use in General Psychiatry and IHTT patients was 6.6% and 3.4%, respectively. Inpatients using NPS compared to non-users were more likely to be male (OR: 2.92, 95% CI: 1.28-6.66, p=0.009), have a forensic history (OR: 5.03, CI: 2.39-10.59, p<0.001) and be detained under an Emergency Detention Certificate (OR: 3.50, CI: 1.56-7.82, p=0.004). NPS users were also more likely to be diagnosed under ICD-10 F10-19 (OR: 9.97, CI: 4.62-21.49, p<0.001). Conclusions: Compared to previous work, psychiatric inpatient NPS use has fallen. NPS continue to be used by a demographic previously described resulting in presentations consistent with a drug-induced psychosis and at times requiring detention under the Mental Health Act. Further research is required to evaluate the effectiveness of the recent prohibition of all NPS.

研究目的：评估选择性禁止与扣押新精神活性物质（New Psychoactive Substances, NPS）供应行为，对精神科收治患者中新精神活性物质使用流行率的影响，并分析当前NPS使用者的人口统计学特征。研究设计：对2015年10月1日至2016年3月31日期间的出院病历开展为期6个月的回顾性横断面分析。研究场景：苏格兰某城市一所精神科医院的普通精神科住院患者，以及强化家庭治疗团队（Intensive Home Treatment Team, IHTT）的社区患者。研究对象：所有受试者年龄介于18~65岁之间。经排除标准筛选后，共计473份普通精神科患者的出院病历符合分析要求，另有264份IHTT患者的出院病历纳入分析。干预措施：2015年4月10日，全国范围内实施《临时分类药品令》（Temporary Class Drug Order, TCDO），将哌甲酯相关化合物重新归类为乙类管制药品。2015年10月15日，当地向贸易标准部门签发没收令，允许其扣押NPS供应品。主要与次要结局指标：主要结局指标为明确两个队列中NPS使用的流行率。次要分析内容包括患者的人口统计学特征，以及其精神科临床表现细节。研究结果：普通精神科患者与IHTT患者的NPS使用流行率分别为6.6%与3.4%。与未使用NPS的住院患者相比，使用NPS的住院患者更有可能为男性（优势比[OR]: 2.92，95%置信区间[CI]: 1.28~6.66，p=0.009）、具有法医史（OR: 5.03，CI: 2.39~10.59，p<0.001），以及依据《紧急拘留令》被拘留（OR: 3.50，CI: 1.56~7.82，p=0.004）。此外，使用NPS的患者更易被诊断为国际疾病分类第10版（International Classification of Diseases 10th Revision, ICD-10）F10~19类疾病（OR: 9.97，CI: 4.62~21.49，p<0.001）。研究结论：与既往研究相比，精神科住院患者的NPS使用比例有所下降。当前NPS使用者仍为既往研究中描述的人群，其临床表现符合药物所致精神病性障碍，部分病例需依据《精神健康法》实施拘留。未来仍需开展进一步研究，以评估近期全面禁止所有NPS相关措施的有效性。