Hoedjiespunt Middle Stone Age Dataset, Western Cape, South Africa

This Middle Stone Age archaeological dataset from Hoedjiespunt 1 was collected in 2011 by a team from the Department of Early Prehistory and Quaternary Ecology of the University of Tübingen (Germany) headed by Nicholas J. Conard. South African and European researchers collaborated on this project, with John E. Parkington, Katherine Kyriacou, Deano Stynder, Graham Avery, and Chantal Tribolo making substantial contributions. The site is located within the property of Transnet National Ports Authority in the municipality of Saldanha, Western Cape, South Africa. The locality of Hoedjiespunt 1 was well known as a paleontological site since at least the 1990s, when the site yielded several important Middle Pleistocene hominin remains dated between 200,000 and 350,000 years. The paleontological site also yielded a well preserved assemblage of fauna, including terrestrial and marine mammals, shellfish and ostrich eggshell. The excavators interpreted the accumulation of these finds as the remains of a hyena den. Cultural remains such as lithic artifacts were absent from the paleontological site, which is situated immediately below the archaeological site. The 2011 field work at the archaeological site of Hoedjiespunt 1 took place with the help of students from the universities of Tübingen and Cape Town. The datasets are predominantly in English (with some parts in German) and include field data in the MAIN table. Further analytical data for several classes of artifacts include: LITHICS, FAUNA, OCHRE, and BUCKETS. All of the archaeological materials collected in 2011 are curated by the Department of Archaeology of the University of Cape Town in Rondebosch, South Africa. Funding for this research came mainly from the Heidelberg Academy of Sciences and Humanities and the University of Tübingen. Significant support was provided by the Department of Archaeology of the University of Cape Town and the Iziko South African Museums. Importnat references for the paleontological excavations are listed here, while the main publications associated with the 2011 excavations are presented below in the reference section: Berger, L.R. & Parkington, J.E. (1995). A new Pleistocene hominid-bearing locality at Hoedjiespunt, South Africa. American Journal of Physical Anthropology 98: 601-609. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.1330980415 Churchill, S.E., Berger, L.E. & Parkington, J.E. (2000). A Middle Pleistocene human tibia from Hoedjiespunt, Western Cape, South Africa. South African Journal of Science 96: 367-368. https://hdl.handle.net/10520/AJA00382353_8943 Stynder, D.D., Moggi-Cecchi, J. Berger, R.L. & Parkington, J.E. (2001). Human mandibular incisors from the late Middle Pleistocene locality of Hoedjiespunt 1, South Africa. Journal of Human Evolution 41: 369-383. https://doi.org/10.1006/jhev.2001.0488本数据集为源自霍迪斯庞特1号遗址（Hoedjiespunt 1）的中石器时代考古数据集，由德国蒂宾根大学（University of Tübingen）早期史前学与第四纪生态学系团队于2011年采集，项目负责人为尼古拉斯·J·康纳德（Nicholas J. Conard）。南非与欧洲研究者共同参与了本项目，约翰·E·帕金顿（John E. Parkington）、凯瑟琳·基里亚库（Katherine Kyriacou）、迪诺·斯廷德（Deano Stynder）、格雷厄姆·埃弗里（Graham Avery）和尚塔尔·特里博洛（Chantal Tribolo）均做出了实质性贡献。该遗址位于南非西开普省萨尔达尼亚市境内的特兰斯奈特国家港口管理局（Transnet National Ports Authority）属地范围内。 霍迪斯庞特1号遗址至少自20世纪90年代起便作为古生物遗址为人熟知，当时该遗址出土了多件重要的中更新世古人类遗骸，年代介于20万至35万年之前。该古生物遗址还出土了保存完好的动物群组合，涵盖陆生与海洋哺乳动物、贝类及鸵鸟蛋壳。发掘者将这批遗存的堆积解释为鬣狗巢穴的遗留物。古生物遗址紧邻该考古遗址下方，未发现石制品等文化遗存。 2011年在霍迪斯庞特1号考古遗址开展的野外工作得到了蒂宾根大学与开普敦大学学生的协助。数据集主要以英文撰写（部分内容为德文），包含MAIN数据表中的野外数据。针对多类遗存的进一步分析数据包括：石制品（LITHICS）、动物群（FAUNA）、赭石（OCHRE）及采样桶遗存（BUCKETS）。 2011年采集的全部考古资料均由位于南非朗德博施的开普敦大学考古系保管。本研究的资助方主要为海德堡科学院与人文学院（Heidelberg Academy of Sciences and Humanities）及蒂宾根大学。开普敦大学考古系与伊齐科南非博物馆（Iziko South African Museums）提供了重要支持。 古生物发掘的重要参考文献已在此列出，而与2011年发掘相关的主要出版物将在下文的参考文献部分呈现： Berger, L.R. & Parkington, J.E. (1995). 南非霍迪斯庞特一处新的更新世古人类遗址. 《美国体质人类学杂志》98: 601-609. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.1330980415 Churchill, S.E., Berger, L.E. & Parkington, J.E. (2000). 南非西开普省霍迪斯庞特出土的中更新世人类胫骨. 《南非科学杂志》96: 367-368. https://hdl.handle.net/10520/AJA00382353_8943 Stynder, D.D., Moggi-Cecchi, J., Berger, R.L. & Parkington, J.E. (2001). 南非中更新世晚期遗址霍迪斯庞特1号出土的人类下颌门齿. 《人类进化杂志》41: 369-383. https://doi.org/10.1006/jhev.2001.0488