Dataset accompanying the publication - The impact of system integration on system costs of a neighborhood energy- and watersystem

This dataset contains raw model results from 5 different scenario's as part of a publicationon the impact of system integration on system costs in a neigbhourhood energy- and water system. It is being made public to act as supplementary data for publication(s) and the PhD thesis of Els van der Roest. Also, it might be used by other researhers.<br>The dataset was created during model runs in the period between July 2019 - April 2021.<br>Abstract of the paper:The fossil-based energy system is in a transition towards a renewable energy system. One important aspect is the spatial and temporal mismatch between intermitted supply and continuous demand. To ensure a reliable and affordable energy system, we propose an integrated system approach, which requires the integration of electricity production, mobility, heating of buildings and water management with a major role for storage and conversion. The minimisation of energy transport in such an integrated system indicates the need for local optimisation. This study focuses on a comparison between different novel system designs for neighbourhood energy- and water systems with varying modes of system integration including all-electric, power-to-heat and power-to-hydrogen. A simulation model is developed to determine the energy and water balance and carry out economic analysis to calculate the system costs of various scenarios. We show that system costs are the lowest in a scenario that combines a hydrogen boiler and heat pumps for household heating, or a Power-to-X system that combines power-to-heat, seasonal heat storage and power-to-hydrogen (2,070 €/household/year). Scenarios with electricity as the main energy carrier have higher retrofitting costs for buildings (insulation + heat pump) which leads to higher system cost (2,320-2,370 €/household/year) than more integrated systems. We conclude that diversification in energy carriers can contribute to a smooth transition of existing residential areas. <br>

本数据集包含5种不同场景下的原始模型运行结果，相关内容属于一篇探讨系统集成对社区能源与水系统成本影响的学术论文成果。本数据集公开后可作为该论文及Els van der Roest博士学位论文的补充数据，同时也可供其他研究人员使用。
本数据集的生成时间为2019年7月至2021年4月的模型运行阶段。
本论文摘要如下：以化石燃料为基础的能源系统正向着可再生能源系统转型。其中一项核心挑战在于间歇性供应与持续性需求之间存在时空错配问题。为构建可靠且经济的能源系统，本研究提出一种集成系统方案，该方案需整合电力生产、交通出行、建筑采暖与水管理环节，并充分发挥储能与能源转换技术的核心作用。在这类集成系统中，最小化能源输送量的需求意味着需要开展本地化优化。本研究聚焦社区能源与水系统的多种新型系统设计方案，对比不同系统集成模式的效果，其中涵盖全电气化、电转热（power-to-heat）以及电转氢（power-to-hydrogen）等集成方式。本研究开发了一套仿真模型，用于计算能源与水平衡，并开展经济分析以测算不同场景下的系统成本。研究结果显示，采用氢锅炉与热泵结合的家庭采暖方案，或是集成电转热、季节性储热与电转氢的电转X（Power-to-X）系统的场景，其系统成本最低，为2070 €/户/年。以电力作为主要能源载体的场景，其建筑改造成本（含保温升级与热泵加装）更高，因此系统成本也高于集成度更高的方案，区间为2320~2370 €/户/年。本研究结论表明，能源载体的多元化可助力既有居住区实现平稳转型。