Data from: Seeking temporal refugia to heat stress: Increasing nocturnal activity despite predation risk

# README\_for\_data\_Brivio\_etal\_2023 ## Description: This README file describes the data package accompanying the publication: Brivio F., Apollonio M., Anderwald P., Filli F., Bassano B., Bertolucci C., Grignolio S. Seeking temporal refugia to avoid heat stress: increasing nocturnal activity despite predation risk. Proc. R. Soc. B DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2023.1587 ## File list: * “dataset_ibex.nocturnal.activity.csv” * “dataset_ibex.nocturnal.activity_FEMALES-KID.csv” * “ibex nocturnal activity analysis.R” ## File description: “dataset_ibex.nocturnal.activity.csv”: contains the data about the nocturnal activity of Alpine ibex monitored from 2006 to 2019 the critical period for ibex when they experience the highest environmental temperatures and must acquire energy prior to the rigours of winter, (i.e., from 1 May to 31 October) in the Gran Paradiso National Park (Italy and in the Swiss National Park (Switzerland). The dataset includes information on individual characteristics and weather conditions. The variables included in the dataset are the followings: * animal.id: ibex identity code * sex: sex of the monitored ibex (f=female, m=male) * cohort: year of birth of the monitored ibex * site: site where ibex was monitored (gpnp= Gran Paridiso National Park, snp= Swiss National Park) * year: year of data collection * j.date: day of data collection expressed as Julian date * PNAT: proportion of nocturnal active time * PDAT: proportion of active time during the previous diurnal hours * night.brightness: night brightness (see the text for details) * temp_PDH_min: minimum temperature of the previous diurnal hours (expressed in °C) * temp_PDH_mean: mean temperature of the previous diurnal hours (expressed in °C) * temp_PDH_max: maximum temperature of the previous diurnal hours (expressed in °C) * temp_NH_min: minimum temperature of the nocturnal hours (expressed in °C) * temp_NH_mean: mean temperature of the nocturnal hours (expressed in °C) * temp_NH_max: maximum temperature of the nocturnal hours (expressed in °C) * temp_FDH_min: minimum temperature of the following diurnal hours (expressed in °C) * temp_FDH_mean: mean temperature of the following diurnal hours (expressed in °C) * temp_FDH_max: maximum temperature of the following diurnal hours (expressed in °C) * LN_prec_NH: mean of precipitation (i.e., the amount of rain expressed in millimeters of water) recorded during the nocturnal hours (log-transformed) * LN_prec_PDH: mean of precipitation (i.e., the amount of rain expressed in millimeters of water) recorded during the previous diurnal hours (log-transformed) “dataset_ibex.nocturnal.activity_FEMALES-KID.csv”: a subset of our data corresponding to the periods during which we had information about female productivity (i.e., we knew if females were with or without their kid). The dataset includes information on individual characteristics and weather conditions. The variables included in the dataset are the following: * animal.id: ibex identity code * sex: sex of the monitored ibex (f=female) * repr.status: reproductive status of the monitored female ibex (2= without kid, 3= with kid) * cohort: year of birth of the monitored ibex * site: site where ibex was monitored (gpnp= Gran Paridiso National Park, snp= Swiss National Park) * year: year of data collection * j.date: day of data collection expressed as Julian date * PNAT: proportion of nocturnal active time * PDAT: proportion of active time during the previous diurnal hours * night.brightness: night brightness (see the text for details) * temp_PDH_min: minimum temperature of the previous diurnal hours (expressed in °C) * temp_PDH_mean: mean temperature of the previous diurnal hours (expressed in °C) * temp_PDH_max: maximum temperature of the previous diurnal hours (expressed in °C) * temp_NH_min: minimum temperature of the nocturnal hours (expressed in °C) * temp_NH_mean: mean temperature of the nocturnal hours (expressed in °C) * temp_NH_max: maximum temperature of the nocturnal hours (expressed in °C) * temp_FDH_min: minimum temperature of the following diurnal hours (expressed in °C) * temp_FDH_mean: mean temperature of the following diurnal hours (expressed in °C) * temp_FDH_max: maximum temperature of the following diurnal hours (expressed in °C) * LN_prec_NH: mean of precipitation (i.e., the amount of rain expressed in millimeters of water) recorded during the nocturnal hours (log-transformed) * LN_prec_PDH: mean of precipitation (i.e., the amount of rain expressed in millimeters of water) recorded during the previous diurnal hours (log-transformed) “ibex nocturnal activity analysis.R”: This R script file reproduces the analyses of the paper cited above.

# Brivio等人2023年数据集配套说明文档
## 说明
本说明文档配套于以下学术论文：Brivio F.、Apollonio M.、Anderwald P.、Filli F.、Bassano B.、Bertolucci C.、Grignolio S. 所著《为规避热胁迫寻找时间避难所：即便面临捕食风险仍提升夜间活动水平》，发表于《英国皇家学会学报B辑》，DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2023.1587

## 文件清单
* `dataset_ibex.nocturnal.activity.csv`
* `dataset_ibex.nocturnal.activity_FEMALES-KID.csv`
* `ibex nocturnal activity analysis.R`

## 文件说明
### `dataset_ibex.nocturnal.activity.csv`
本数据集收录了2006年至2019年间，于意大利大帕拉迪索国家公园与瑞士国家公园监测的阿尔卑斯羱羊（Alpine ibex）夜间活动数据。监测时段为羱羊遭遇最高环境温度、且需在严酷冬季来临前储备能量的关键窗口期，即每年5月1日至10月31日。
本数据集包含个体特征与气象条件相关信息，所包含变量如下：
* animal.id：羱羊身份编码
* sex：监测羱羊的性别（f=雌性，m=雄性）
* cohort：监测羱羊的出生年份
* site：监测点位（gpnp=大帕拉迪索国家公园，snp=瑞士国家公园）
* year：数据收集年份
* j.date：以儒略日（Julian date）表示的数据收集日期
* PNAT：夜间活动时长占比
* PDAT：前一昼间时段的活动时长占比
* night.brightness：夜间光照度（详见论文正文）
* temp_PDH_min：前一昼间时段最低气温（单位：摄氏度）
* temp_PDH_mean：前一昼间时段平均气温（单位：摄氏度）
* temp_PDH_max：前一昼间时段最高气温（单位：摄氏度）
* temp_NH_min：夜间时段最低气温（单位：摄氏度）
* temp_NH_mean：夜间时段平均气温（单位：摄氏度）
* temp_NH_max：夜间时段最高气温（单位：摄氏度）
* temp_FDH_min：后续昼间时段最低气温（单位：摄氏度）
* temp_FDH_mean：后续昼间时段平均气温（单位：摄氏度）
* temp_FDH_max：后续昼间时段最高气温（单位：摄氏度）
* LN_prec_NH：夜间时段记录降水量（以毫米水柱计，经对数转换后的均值）
* LN_prec_PDH：前一昼间时段记录降水量（以毫米水柱计，经对数转换后的均值）

### `dataset_ibex.nocturnal.activity_FEMALES-KID.csv`
本数据集为原始数据的子集，仅包含可获取雌性繁殖状态信息的时段数据，即明确雌性羱羊是否携带幼崽的记录。本数据集包含个体特征与气象条件相关信息，所包含变量如下：
* animal.id：羱羊身份编码
* sex：监测羱羊的性别（仅f=雌性）
* repr.status：监测雌性羱羊的繁殖状态（2=无幼崽，3=携带幼崽）
* cohort：监测羱羊的出生年份
* site：监测点位（gpnp=大帕拉迪索国家公园，snp=瑞士国家公园）
* year：数据收集年份
* j.date：以儒略日（Julian date）表示的数据收集日期
* PNAT：夜间活动时长占比
* PDAT：前一昼间时段的活动时长占比
* night.brightness：夜间光照度（详见论文正文）
* temp_PDH_min：前一昼间时段最低气温（单位：摄氏度）
* temp_PDH_mean：前一昼间时段平均气温（单位：摄氏度）
* temp_PDH_max：前一昼间时段最高气温（单位：摄氏度）
* temp_NH_min：夜间时段最低气温（单位：摄氏度）
* temp_NH_mean：夜间时段平均气温（单位：摄氏度）
* temp_NH_max：夜间时段最高气温（单位：摄氏度）
* temp_FDH_min：后续昼间时段最低气温（单位：摄氏度）
* temp_FDH_mean：后续昼间时段平均气温（单位：摄氏度）
* temp_FDH_max：后续昼间时段最高气温（单位：摄氏度）
* LN_prec_NH：夜间时段记录降水量（以毫米水柱计，经对数转换后的均值）
* LN_prec_PDH：前一昼间时段记录降水量（以毫米水柱计，经对数转换后的均值）

### `ibex nocturnal activity analysis.R`
本R脚本文件可复现上述论文中的全部数据分析流程。