Wistar大鼠

白色封闭群大鼠，由野生褐家鼠（Rattu Norvegicus）和黑家鼠经驯化后所获得的变种。1907年由美国Wistar研究所育成，现已遍及世界各国的实验室。是我国引进早、使用最广泛，数量最多的品种。特点为头部较宽，耳朵较长，尾的长度小于身长。性周期稳定，繁殖力强，产仔多，生长发育快，性格温顺，体长为15~20厘米之间，尾长在10~15厘米之间，体长大于尾长。该大鼠的生活习性繁殖规律容易受到外界的气温，气压，湿度，噪声等方面的影响，抗传染病能力强，低自发性肿瘤发生率，广泛应用于生理学、营养学研、代谢性疾病、药物学、肿瘤学、心血管疾病和老年医学研究。White closed-colony rats are a domesticated variant derived from wild Rattus norvegicus and black rats. Bred at the Wistar Institute of the United States in 1907, this strain has now spread to laboratories worldwide. It is the earliest-introduced, most widely utilized and most populous rat strain in China. It features a relatively broad cranium, elongated ears, and a tail shorter than the body length. It exhibits a stable estrous cycle, high reproductive capacity, large litter size, rapid growth and development, and a docile temperament. Its body length ranges from 15 to 20 cm, while tail length is between 10 and 15 cm, with body length exceeding tail length. The living habits and reproductive patterns of this rat strain are readily affected by external factors including temperature, air pressure, humidity and noise. It boasts strong resistance to infectious diseases and a low incidence of spontaneous tumors, and is widely applied in research areas such as physiology, nutritional science, metabolic diseases, pharmacology, oncology, cardiovascular disorders and geriatric medicine.

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集描述了Wistar大鼠这一白色封闭群实验动物资源，由美国Wistar研究所于1907年育成，是中国引进早、使用最广泛、数量最多的品种。其特点包括繁殖力强、生长发育快、性格温顺，体长15~20厘米，尾长10~15厘米，抗传染病能力强且低自发性肿瘤发生率，广泛应用于生理学、营养学、药物学、肿瘤学等多个医学研究领域。