HISTOLOGICAL CHANGES IN MYOCARDIAL TISSUE DURING MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION AND MODERN ANTIOXIDANT / ROS-TARGETED THERAPY

Myocardial infarction (MI) remains one of the most severe forms of cardiovascular disease, carrying a persistently high mortality rate worldwide. This review investigates the sequential histological stages of ischemic myocardial injury, the central pathogenetic role of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and the current landscape of antioxidant and ROS-targeted therapeutic strategies. Published experimental and clinical data were systematically reviewed and synthesized. Findings demonstrate that necrosis, inflammation, and fibrosis develop in a well-defined temporal sequence within myocardial tissue, with ROS production substantially accelerating each stage of this cascade. Emerging ROS-sensitive nanoparticulate delivery systems and advanced antioxidant strategies show considerable promise in attenuating these detrimental processes. The authors conclude that nanoparticle-based dual nanotherapy combined with targeted antioxidant delivery may represent a new therapeutic paradigm for the management of myocardial infarction.心肌梗死（Myocardial infarction, MI）仍是全球范围内致死率持续居高的最严重心血管疾病之一。本综述探讨了缺血性心肌损伤的序贯组织学阶段、活性氧（reactive oxygen species, ROS）在致病机制中的核心作用，以及当前抗氧化与靶向ROS的治疗策略研究现状。研究团队对已发表的实验与临床数据进行了系统性综述与整合分析。结果表明，心肌组织内的坏死、炎症与纤维化过程遵循明确的时间序列展开，而ROS的大量生成会显著加速该病理级联反应的各个环节。新兴的ROS敏感型纳米颗粒递送系统与先进抗氧化策略，在抑制上述有害病理进程方面展现出可观的应用前景。作者团队最终得出结论：基于纳米颗粒的双重纳米治疗联合靶向抗氧化递送，或可成为心肌梗死临床管理的全新治疗范式。