Deaths and work related occupational injuries detailed at the country, gender, and NACE Rev.2 sector levels from 2008 to 2019

Ensuring social data's reliability is essential in accurately evaluating social and economic impacts across geographical locations, economic sectors and stakeholder categories. Yet, the MRIO model utilized in our research (EXIOBASE) was hindered by out-of-date or significantly proxy fatality statistics, causing potential inaccuracies in our findings. We have comprehensively revised EXIOBASE fatality data to address this shortcoming, incorporating detailed, nation-specific, and up-to-date data. The update includes work-related fatal occupational injuries as well as fatalities associated with occupational exposure to a variety of 17 hazardous substances and conditions such as asbestos, arsenic, benzene, beryllium, cadmium, chromium, diesel engine exhaust, formaldehyde, nickel, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, silica, sulfuric acid, trichloroethylene, asthmagens, particulate matter, gases and fumes, noise and ergonomic factors. Our methodological process is built on three pillars: data acquisition, raw data processing, and computation of fatal injuries by country, gender, year, and EXIOBASE economic sector. Data were sourced from the World Health Organization (WHO) (Pega et al., 2021) and Eurostat databases (Publications Office of the European Union, 2013). The WHO data was carefully screened based on specific criteria such as age above 15 years, gender, and fatal injuries only. Eurostat data provided granular information on work-related fatalities, classified by economic activities in the European Community (or NACE Rev.2 (Eurostat, 2008)). The WHO provided aggregate fatality data for 2010 and 2016. The strategy for allocating these deaths across Eurostat categories depended on the countries' geographical location, with different methods applied to European and non-European nations. For European nations, fluctuations in fatality numbers within a NACE Rev.2 sector mirrored the changes registered by Eurostat. For non-European countries, fatality figures were proportionally allocated across economic sectors split according to the NACE Rev.2 classification, reflecting the workforce size associated with each economic sector. Due to the scarcity of data for nations within Asia, America, or Africa, we adopted a regional approach, computing fatality ratios over each NACE Rev.2 category for each region by integrating data for available countries over a reference year. For 2010 and 2016, the aggregate fatality figures for nations within these three zones were established. Due to the temporal proximity of both reference years, we postulated a linear trend in the fatality count between these two years. The number of fatalities for a specific country, year, and per NACE Rev.2 activity was then calculated by applying the previously mentioned fatality ratio to the total number of deaths for that nation. Last, we applied the European annual ratios to their total mortality figures for the few countries that could not be classified as European or belonging to one of the aforementioned zones. The result is a comprehensive database that includes the number of fatalities (expressed in the number of deaths for work-related fatal occupational injuries and in Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), for fatalities associated with occupational exposure to a specific risk factor), detailed at the country, gender, and NACE Rev.2 sector levels from 2008 to 2019, providing insights into work-related fatal injuries across different health effects and geographical regions. <strong>Nomenclature</strong> Archives: <em>Concordance_ISIC_Exiobase.xlsx : </em>Concordance between the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC) and the exiobase sectors <em>Concordance_ISO3_EXIO3.xlsx - </em>Concordance between the ISO3 code and the Exiobase regions <em>Workforce_by_ISO3.csv - </em>Number of active persons per Country (ISO3 code), per Statistical Classification of Economic Activities in the European Community (NACE), Sex, Year (from 1991 to 2021) <em>Workforce_by_EXIO3.csv - </em>Number of active persons per Exiobase region (EXIO3 code), per Statistical Classification of Economic Activities in the European Community (NACE), Sex, Year (from 1991 to 2021) <em>Death_ISO3.csv - </em>Number of death per Country (ISO3 code), Exiobase Sector, Sex, Estimate (point, lower, upper), Year (from 2009 to 2019) <em>Death_EXIO3.csv - </em>Number of death per Exiobase Region (EXIO3 code), Exiobase Sector, Sex, Estimate (point, lower, upper), Year (from 2009 to 2019) Injuries_ISO3.zip - Archive of DALY per Country (ISO3 code), Exiobase Sector, Sex, Estimate (point, lower, upper), Type of Exposure, Year (from 2009 to 2019) Injuries_EXIO3.zip - Archive of DALY per Exiobase Region (EXIO3 code), Exiobase Sector, Sex, Estimate (point, lower, upper), Type of Exposure, Year (from 2009 to 2019)<br> <strong>Content of Injuries_*.zip:</strong> arsenic_*.csv asbestos_*.csv asthmagens_*.csv benzene_*.csv beryllium_*.csv cadmium_*.csv chromium_*.csv diesel_*.csv ergonomic_*.csv formaldehyde_*.csv gases_*.csv nickel_*.csv noise_*.csv polycyclic_*.csv silica_*.csv sulfuric_*.csv trichloro_*.csv确保社会数据的可靠性，对于精准评估不同地理区域、经济部门与利益相关方类别下的社会经济影响至关重要。然而，本研究采用的多区域投入产出（MRIO）模型依托的EXIOBASE数据库，曾因过时或替代偏差严重的死亡统计数据而受限，致使研究结果存在潜在偏差。为此，我们对EXIOBASE的死亡数据进行了全面修订，纳入了细化的、分国家的最新统计数据。本次修订涵盖了职业性致命工伤，以及因职业暴露于17类危险物质与环境导致的死亡案例，涉及石棉、砷、苯、铍、镉、铬、柴油机尾气、甲醛、镍、多环芳烃、二氧化硅、硫酸、三氯乙烯、致喘物、颗粒物、气体与烟气、噪声及职业工效学因素。 本研究的方法体系依托三大核心环节：数据采集、原始数据处理，以及按国家、性别、年份与EXIOBASE经济部门分类的致命工伤统计核算。本研究的数据来源于世界卫生组织（World Health Organization, WHO，Pega等，2021）与欧盟统计局（Eurostat）数据库（欧盟出版物办公室，2013）。世界卫生组织的数据经过严格筛选，筛选标准包括年龄15岁以上、按性别分类，且仅纳入致命工伤相关数据。欧盟统计局的数据则提供了细化的职业相关死亡统计信息，按欧洲共同体经济活动分类（即欧盟经济活动统计分类修订版2（NACE Rev.2，Eurostat，2008））进行分类。 世界卫生组织仅提供了2010年与2016年的汇总死亡统计数据。将这些汇总死亡数据分配至欧盟统计局分类体系的策略，取决于目标国家的地理位置：对欧洲国家与非欧洲国家采用了不同的分配方法。针对欧洲国家，其NACE Rev.2分类下各经济部门的死亡人数波动，与欧盟统计局记录的变化趋势保持一致。针对非欧洲国家，死亡人数则按各经济部门的就业规模比例，分配至NACE Rev.2分类下的各经济部门中。 鉴于亚洲、美洲与非洲部分国家的数据稀缺，我们采用了区域化处理方法：以参考年份内可获取数据的国家为基础，计算各区域内各NACE Rev.2分类的死亡比例。针对2010年与2016年，我们先确定了这三个区域内所有国家的汇总死亡数据。由于两个参考年份间隔较近，我们假设这两年间的死亡人数呈线性变化趋势。随后，通过将前述死亡比例应用至对应国家的总死亡人数，即可计算出特定国家、年份及NACE Rev.2分类下的经济部门的死亡人数。最后，针对少数无法归类为欧洲国家或前述三大区域的国家，我们采用欧洲国家的年度死亡比例，结合其总死亡人数进行核算。 最终构建的数据库涵盖了2008年至2019年间，按国家、性别与NACE Rev.2部门分类的死亡统计数据：其中职业性致命工伤以死亡人数计，职业暴露于特定风险因素导致的死亡则以伤残调整寿命年（Disability-adjusted life years, DALYs）计。该数据库可为不同健康效应与地理区域的职业致命工伤研究提供数据支撑。 **命名规范归档文件**： *Concordance_ISIC_Exiobase.xlsx*：国际标准产业分类（International Standard Industrial Classification, ISIC）与EXIOBASE部门的对应关系表 *Concordance_ISO3_EXIO3.xlsx*：ISO3国家代码与EXIOBASE区域的对应关系表 *Workforce_by_ISO3.csv*：1991年至2021年间，按国家（ISO3代码）、欧盟经济活动统计分类（NACE）、性别分类的就业人数数据 *Workforce_by_EXIO3.csv*：1991年至2021年间，按EXIOBASE区域（EXIO3代码）、欧盟经济活动统计分类（NACE）、性别分类的就业人数数据 *Death_ISO3.csv*：2009年至2019年间，按国家（ISO3代码）、EXIOBASE部门、性别、估计值（点估计、下限、上限）分类的死亡人数数据 *Death_EXIO3.csv*：2009年至2019年间，按EXIOBASE区域（EXIO3代码）、EXIOBASE部门、性别、估计值（点估计、下限、上限）分类的死亡人数数据 *Injuries_ISO3.zip*：2009年至2019年间，按国家（ISO3代码）、EXIOBASE部门、性别、估计值（点估计、下限、上限）、暴露类型分类的伤残调整寿命年（DALYs）归档数据 *Injuries_EXIO3.zip*：2009年至2019年间，按EXIOBASE区域（EXIO3代码）、EXIOBASE部门、性别、估计值（点估计、下限、上限）、暴露类型分类的伤残调整寿命年（DALYs）归档数据 **Injuries_*.zip 归档文件内容**： arsenic_*.csv、asbestos_*.csv、asthmagens_*.csv、benzene_*.csv、beryllium_*.csv、cadmium_*.csv、chromium_*.csv、diesel_*.csv、ergonomic_*.csv、formaldehyde_*.csv、gases_*.csv、nickel_*.csv、noise_*.csv、polycyclic_*.csv、silica_*.csv、sulfuric_*.csv、trichloro_*.csv（分别对应砷、石棉、致喘物、苯、铍、镉、铬、柴油机尾气、职业工效学因素、甲醛、气体与烟气、镍、噪声、多环芳烃、二氧化硅、硫酸、三氯乙烯相关的暴露数据文件）