Penycrocbren Early Lead Mining Landscape

A deceptively flat looking landscape that pays closer attention. Please zoom into the annotated areas. The Penycrocbren ridge is traversed by Glyndwr's Way which follows a much older road thought to be Roman in origin. The Roman fortlet measures 26.5m x by 23.5m defined by single turf rampart 0.8m high with a single gateway 3m wide on the north side. Partial excavations in 1960 showed the interior to be covered by a floor of chippings with substantial gate posts in the entrance and pottery dating to the mid to late 2nd century AD. The placename Pen-y-crocbren means Gallows Top and the gibbet mound lies a few metres west of the Roman fort where it utilized a much older prehistoric burial mound. In1938 the remains of gibbeting irons with a skull inside were found here, now on display in St. Fagans National History Museum. Former lead mining shafts follow a sub-surface vein and the remains of a hushing reservoir and channel can be seen which have been radiocarbon dated to 980-1170 Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab这片看似平坦无奇的地貌，实则值得细细端详。请放大查看标注区域。 彭克罗克布伦（Penycrocbren）山脊横穿有格林德沃之路（Glyndwr's Way），该步道沿一条被认为起源于罗马时期的古旧道路延伸。这座罗马小堡垒的尺寸为26.5米×23.5米，由高0.8米的单层草皮壁垒围合，北侧设有宽3米的单一门户。1960年开展的部分发掘工作显示，堡垒内部铺有碎石地面，入口处留存有粗壮的门柱遗迹，同时出土了可追溯至公元2世纪中后期的陶器。 彭-y-克罗克布伦（Pen-y-crocbren）的地名意为“绞刑架之巅”，绞刑台土岗位于罗马要塞西侧数米处，其原址为一处年代更为久远的史前墓葬土丘。1938年，人们在此处发现了内部藏有头骨的绞刑架金属构件遗迹，目前该文物展出于圣法根斯国家历史博物馆（St. Fagans National History Museum）。昔日的铅矿竖井沿地下矿脉分布，同时可见水力冲采蓄水池与水道遗迹，经放射性碳定年法测定，其年代为公元980年至1170年。 数据来源：Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab