Monthly Surface Air Temperature Time Series Area-Averaged over the 30-Degree Latitudinal Belts of the Globe, 1881-Present

The mean monthly and annual values of surface air temperature compiled by Lugina et al. were taken mainly from the World Weather Records, Monthly Climatic Data for the World, and Meteorological Data for Individual Years over the Northern Hemisphere Excluding the USSR, supplemented with information from different national publications. Based on these mean monthly and annual surface air temperature anomaly data, Vinnikov et al. (1990) reported that both hemispheres were warming at a rate of 0.5°C/100 yrs. This update of the series through 2004 shows that the Northern Hemisphere has warmed at a rate of +0.69°C/100 yrs, and the Southern Hemisphere (0°-60°S) at a rate slightly greater than +0.55°C/100 years. This trend is close to the 0.70°C/100 yrs global trend calculated by Jones and Moberg (2003) for land areas over the period 1901-2000.

The most recent year of the data record, 2004, saw the fourth warmest global mean temperature departure (0.65°C) on record and the fourth warmest northern hemisphere temperature departure (0.86°C); just barely cooler than 2003 (0.88°C) and 1998 and 2002 (both 0.87°C). The warmest autumn (September-November) temperature departure on record for the globe (0.70°C) and the second warmest winter (1.04°C), spring (tied with 2002; 0.94°C), and autumn (0.88°C) for the northern hemisphere were also recorded in 2004. The 30-60°N latitude band saw its warmest annual (1.04°C) and autumn (0.93°C) temperauture departures to date in 2004, while the southern hemisphere (0-60°S) recorded its warmest spring (September-November) departure (0.50°C).

For more information about this data set, please visit Trends Online at [http://cdiac.ornl.gov/trends/temp/lugina/lugina.html].

References:

Jones, P. D. and A. Moberg. 2003. Hemispheric and large-scale surface air temperature variations: An extended revision and update to 2001. J. Climate 16: 206-223.

Vinnikov, K. Ya., P. Ya. Groisman, and K. M. Lugina. 1990. Empirical data on contemporary global climate changes (temperature and precipitation). J. Climate 3: 662-77.

由卢吉娜（Lugina）等人汇编的地表气温月均与年均值数据，主要取材自《世界气象记录》（World Weather Records）、《全球月度气候数据》（Monthly Climatic Data for the World）以及《北半球除苏联外的单年气象数据集》（Meteorological Data for Individual Years over the Northern Hemisphere Excluding the USSR），并补充了多国公开出版物中的相关资料。基于这批月均、年均地表气温距平（surface air temperature anomaly）数据，文尼科夫（Vinnikov）等人（1990）曾提出，全球南北两个半球均以每百年0.5℃的速率持续升温。本次将该序列更新至2004年的分析结果显示，北半球升温速率达+0.69℃/百年，南半球（0°-60°S）升温速率略高于+0.55℃/百年。这一趋势与琼斯（Jones）与莫伯格（Moberg）（2003）针对1901-2000年陆地区域计算得到的0.70℃/百年全球平均升温趋势极为接近。

本次数据序列的最新年份为2004年，该年全球平均气温距平为0.65℃，位列有气象记录以来第四高位；北半球气温距平达0.86℃，同样位列第四，仅略低于2003年（0.88℃）、1998年与2002年（二者均为0.87℃）。2004年还创下了全球有记录以来最暖秋季（9-11月）的气温距平纪录（0.70℃）；北半球则在该年迎来第二暖的冬季（1.04℃）、第二暖的春季（与2002年持平，0.94℃）以及第二暖的秋季（0.88℃）。北纬30°-60°纬度带的2004年年均气温距平（1.04℃）与秋季气温距平（0.93℃）均达到有记录以来的最高值；而南半球（0°-60°S）则录得其有记录以来最暖春季（9-11月）的气温距平（0.50℃）。

如需了解该数据集的更多详情，请访问Trends Online官网：[http://cdiac.ornl.gov/trends/temp/lugina/lugina.html]。

参考文献：
琼斯, P. D. 与 A. 莫伯格. 2003. 半球及大尺度地表气温变化：扩展修订及更新至2001年. 《气候学报》（Journal of Climate）16: 206-223.
文尼科夫, K. Ya., P. Ya. 格罗伊斯曼, 与 K. M. 卢吉娜. 1990. 当代全球气候变化的经验数据（气温与降水）. 《气候学报》（Journal of Climate）3: 662-677.