Wind Tunnel Mosquito Trajectory Data

Mosquitoes track odors, locate hosts, and find mates visually. The color of a food resource, such as a flower or warm-blooded host, can be dominated by long wavelengths of the visible light spectrum (green to red for humans) and is likely important for object recognition and localization. However, little is known about the hues that attract mosquitoes or how odor affects mosquito visual search behaviors. We use a real-time 3D tracking system and wind tunnel that allows careful control of the olfactory and visual environment to quantify the behavior of more than 1.3 million mosquito trajectories. We find that CO2 induces a strong attraction to specific spectral bands, including those that humans perceive as cyan, orange, and red. Sensitivity to orange and red correlates with mosquitoes’ strong attraction to the color spectrum of human skin, which is dominated by these wavelengths. The attraction is eliminated by filtering the orange and red bands from the skin color spectrum and by intro...蚊子依靠嗅觉追踪气味、定位宿主，同时依靠视觉寻觅配偶。诸如花朵或温血宿主这类食物资源的颜色，往往由可见光光谱（对人类而言为绿光至红光波段）的长波长主导，该特征对物体识别与定位或具有关键意义。然而目前学界对于吸引蚊子的色调，以及气味如何影响蚊子的视觉搜索行为仍知之甚少。本研究采用可精准调控嗅觉与视觉环境的实时三维追踪系统及风洞装置，对超过130万条蚊子运动轨迹的行为数据进行量化分析。研究发现，二氧化碳（CO₂）可诱导蚊子对特定光谱波段产生强烈趋向性，这些波段对应人类视觉感知的青色、橙色与红色。蚊子对橙色及红色波段的敏感度，与其对人类皮肤颜色光谱的强趋向性呈显著相关——人类皮肤颜色光谱恰好由这类长波长主导。若从皮肤颜色光谱中滤除橙色与红色波段，或是通过（原文后续内容未完整给出），这种趋向性便会被消除。