Assessing Business and Information Technology Alignment: A study of listed companies in South Africa

This study examines BITA maturity and its relationship with performance in 166 Johannesburg Stock Exchange–listed companies. The file SPSS_Data_MERGE-168 - BITA - Input.xlsx contains the initial and cleaned research data in Excel format. The file SPSS_Data_MERGE-144 - Final - OP-BITA - Input - 5 Sectors - 005 - GLM - Minus 2 ROS Outliers.sav contains the finalised SPSS input file after data cleaning and screening. The remaining files contain the output of various statistical calculations, with the file name reflecting the produced output. In the SPSS input file, each row corresponds to a single JSE company, and the variables represent item-level BITA survey responses and OP financial ratios. · The CompanyID variable indicates the company identifier. · The JSECode variable indicates the company’s Johannesburg Stock Exchange identifier. · The ShortName variable indicates the company’s Johannesburg Stock Exchange identifier’s short name. · The CompanyName variable indicates the company’s name. · The RespondentCount variable indicates the Respondent Count per Company. · The ITCount variable indicates the IT Employees Count. · The BUSCount variable indicates the Business Employees Count. · The JSESector variable indicates the company’s Johannesburg Stock Exchange industry sector. · The SIC variable indicates the company’s Standard Industry Code. · The EmployeeCount variable indicates the Employee Count. · The logEmployeeCount variable indicates the base10 logarithm value of Employee Count. · The Industry sector variable, IndustrySector, indicates the industry in which the company operates. Ø Finance/banking/insurance; value = 1 Ø Healthcare/medical; value = 2 Ø Manufacturing; value = 3 Ø Telecommunications; value = 4 Ø Other; value = 5 The IndustrySector variable is conceptually defined by five components: Ø The INDSEC1 (Finance/banking/insurance) is stored as a binary indicator with the following coding: 1 = Finance/banking/insurance; 0 = otherwise. Ø The INDSEC2 (Healthcare/medical) is stored as a binary indicator with the following coding: 1 = Healthcare/medical; 0 = otherwise. Ø The INDSEC3 (Manufacturing) is stored as a binary indicator with the following coding: 1 = Manufacturing; 0 = otherwise. Ø The INDSEC4 (Telecommunications) is stored as a binary indicator with the following coding: 1 = Telecommunications; 0 = otherwise. Ø The INDSEC5 (Other) is stored as a binary indicator with the following coding: 1 = Other; 0 = otherwise. · The organisation size variable, SIZE, reflects the company’s number of employees. · The line-of-work variable, LWORK, indicates whether the survey respondent is an IT or business executive. The LWORK variable is conceptually defined by three components: Ø The LWORK1 (Business executives only) is stored as a binary indicator with the following coding: 0 = Otherwise; 1 = Business executives. Ø The LWORK2 (IT executives only) is stored as a binary indicator with the following coding: 0 = Otherwise; 1 = IT executives. Ø The LWORK3 (IT & Business executives only)is stored as a binary indicator with the following coding: 0 = Otherwise; 1 = IT & Business executives. · The OP variable is conceptually defined by eight components: Ø CR Current Ratio Ø QR Quick Ratio Ø OI/E Operating Profit/Employee Ø ROA Return on Assets % Ø ROE Return on Equity % Ø ROS Operating Profit Margin % Ø ROCE Return on Capital Employed Ø EPS Earnings/Share (C) · The BITA variable is conceptually defined by six components: Communications (COMM), Competency/IT value (COMP), IT governance (GOV), Partnership (PART), IT scope (SCOPE) and IT skills development (SKILLS) Ø The variable, COMM, indicates BITA communications. The COMM variable is conceptually defined by three components: § COMM1 § COMM2 § COMM3 § COMM4 Ø The variable, COMP, indicates BITA Competency/IT value. The COMP variable is conceptually defined by three components: § COMP1 § COMP2 § COMP3 § COMP4 § COMP5 Ø The variable, GOV, indicates BITA IT governance value. The GOV variable is conceptually defined by three components: § GOV1 § GOV2 § GOV3 Ø The variable, PART, indicates BITA Partnership value. The PART variable is conceptually defined by three components: § PART1 § PART2 § PART3 Ø The variable, SCOPE, indicates BITA IT scope value. The SCOPE variable is conceptually defined by three components: § SCOPE1 § SCOPE2 § SCOPE3 Ø The variable, SKILLS, indicates BITA IT skills development value. The SKILLS variable is conceptually defined by three components: § SKILLS1 § SKILLS2 § SKILLS3 § SKILLS4 · Variable COMM_P, is the Principal Component Analysis value of the COMM variable. · Variable COMP_P, is the Principal Component Analysis value of the COMP variable. · Variable GOV_P, is the Principal Component Analysis value of the GOV variable. · Variable PART_P, is the Principal Component Analysis value of the PART variable. · Variable SCOPE_P, is the Principal Component Analysis value of the SCOPE variable. · Variable SKILLS_P, is the Principal Component Analysis value of the SKILLS variable. · Factor Analysis of the OP variable produced 3 factors: Ø The factor PCEC indicates the Profitability and Capital Efficiency Composite (PCEC) Ø The factor LAI indicates the Liquidity Assessment Index (LAI) Ø The factor POEI indicates the Profitability and Operational Efficiency Index (POEI)本研究针对166家约翰内斯堡证券交易所（Johannesburg Stock Exchange，JSE）上市企业的业务IT对齐（Business IT Alignment，BITA）成熟度及其与企业绩效的关联展开分析。 文件SPSS_Data_MERGE-168 - BITA - Input.xlsx 以Excel格式存储了初始研究数据与清洗后的数据。文件SPSS_Data_MERGE-144 - Final - OP-BITA - Input - 5 Sectors - 005 - GLM - 剔除2个ROS异常值.sav 为完成数据清洗与筛选后的最终SPSS输入文件。其余文件为各类统计计算的输出结果，文件名可直接反映其所生成的输出内容。 在该SPSS输入文件中，每一行对应一家JSE上市企业，各变量分别代表条目级BITA调研反馈结果与运营绩效（Operating Performance，OP）财务比率。 · CompanyID变量：表示企业标识符。 · JSECode变量：表示企业的JSE代码。 · ShortName变量：表示该企业在JSE的简称。 · CompanyName变量：表示企业全称。 · RespondentCount变量：表示单家企业的调研受访者数量。 · ITCount变量：表示企业IT员工数量。 · BUSCount变量：表示企业业务岗员工数量。 · JSESector变量：表示企业所属的JSE行业板块。 · SIC变量：表示企业的标准行业分类代码（Standard Industrial Classification，SIC）。 · EmployeeCount变量：表示企业总员工数量。 · logEmployeeCount变量：表示总员工数量的以10为底的对数值。 · 行业板块变量IndustrySector，用于表示企业所处的行业领域，具体编码规则如下： Ø 金融/银行/保险：取值为1 Ø 医疗/卫生保健：取值为2 Ø 制造业：取值为3 Ø 电信业：取值为4 Ø 其他：取值为5 IndustrySector变量由5个二元指示变量构成，具体定义如下： Ø INDSEC1（金融/银行/保险）：为二元指示变量，编码规则为1代表金融/银行/保险，0代表其他行业。 Ø INDSEC2（医疗/卫生保健）：为二元指示变量，编码规则为1代表医疗/卫生保健，0代表其他行业。 Ø INDSEC3（制造业）：为二元指示变量，编码规则为1代表制造业，0代表其他行业。 Ø INDSEC4（电信业）：为二元指示变量，编码规则为1代表电信业，0代表其他行业。 Ø INDSEC5（其他）：为二元指示变量，编码规则为1代表其他行业，0代表其他非该类行业。 · 组织规模变量SIZE，以企业员工数量反映企业规模。 · 工作岗位变量LWORK，用于标识调研受访者为IT高管或业务高管，其由3个二元指示变量构成，具体定义如下： Ø LWORK1（仅业务高管）：为二元指示变量，编码规则为1代表业务高管，0代表其他岗位。 Ø LWORK2（仅IT高管）：为二元指示变量，编码规则为1代表IT高管，0代表其他岗位。 Ø LWORK3（同时为IT与业务高管）：为二元指示变量，编码规则为1代表同时兼具IT与业务高管身份，0代表其他情况。 · 运营绩效（OP）变量由8个维度构成： Ø CR：流动比率（Current Ratio） Ø QR：速动比率（Quick Ratio） Ø OI/E：人均营业利润（Operating Profit/Employee） Ø ROA：资产回报率（Return on Assets，%） Ø ROE：净资产回报率（Return on Equity，%） Ø ROS：营业利润率（Operating Profit Margin，%） Ø ROCE：已动用资本回报率（Return on Capital Employed） Ø EPS：每股收益（Earnings/Share，C） · BITA变量由6个维度构成：沟通（COMM）、胜任力/IT价值（COMP）、IT治理（GOV）、合作伙伴关系（PART）、IT范围（SCOPE）以及IT技能发展（SKILLS），各子变量详情如下： Ø COMM变量：代表BITA沟通维度，其由COMM1、COMM2、COMM3、COMM4四个分量构成。 Ø COMP变量：代表BITA胜任力/IT价值维度，其由COMP1、COMP2、COMP3、COMP4、COMP5五个分量构成。 Ø GOV变量：代表BITA IT治理维度，其由GOV1、GOV2、GOV3三个分量构成。 Ø PART变量：代表BITA合作伙伴关系维度，其由PART1、PART2、PART3三个分量构成。 Ø SCOPE变量：代表BITA IT范围维度，其由SCOPE1、SCOPE2、SCOPE3三个分量构成。 Ø SKILLS变量：代表BITA IT技能发展维度，其由SKILLS1、SKILLS2、SKILLS3、SKILLS4四个分量构成。 · 变量COMM_P：为COMM变量的主成分分析得分。 · 变量COMP_P：为COMP变量的主成分分析得分。 · 变量GOV_P：为GOV变量的主成分分析得分。 · 变量PART_P：为PART变量的主成分分析得分。 · 变量SCOPE_P：为SCOPE变量的主成分分析得分。 · 变量SKILLS_P：为SKILLS变量的主成分分析得分。 · 对OP变量进行因子分析后得到3个因子： Ø PCEC：盈利能力与资本效率综合指标（Profitability and Capital Efficiency Composite，PCEC） Ø LAI：流动性评估指数（Liquidity Assessment Index，LAI） Ø POEI：盈利能力与运营效率指数（Profitability and Operational Efficiency Index，POEI）