Individual repeatability of avian migration phenology: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Changes in phenology and distribution are being widely reported for many migratory species in response to shifting environmental conditions. Understanding these changes and the situations in which they occur can be aided by understanding consistent individual differences in phenology and distribution and the situations in which consistency varies in strength or detectability.
Studies tracking the same individuals over consecutive years are increasingly reporting migratory timings to be a repeatable trait, suggesting that flexible individual responses to environmental conditions may contribute little to population-level changes in phenology and distribution. However, how this varies across species and sexes, across the annual cycle and in relation to study (tracking method, study design) and/or ecosystem characteristics is not yet clear.
Here, we take advantage of the growing number of publications in movement ecology to perform a phylogenetic multilevel meta-analysis of repeatability es...

诸多迁徙物种因环境条件变化，其物候学（phenology）与分布格局的改变已被广泛报道。要理解此类变化及其发生场景，可通过解析物候学与分布的个体间稳定差异，以及该稳定性的强度或可检测性随不同情境的变化规律来实现。
近年来，针对同一批个体开展连续多年追踪的研究日益增多，结果显示迁徙时间是一类可重复的性状，这表明个体对环境条件的灵活响应，对种群水平的物候学与分布变化的贡献或较为有限。然而，这一规律在不同物种、不同性别间的差异，在年周期内的变化情况，以及其与研究方法（追踪手段、研究设计）和/或生态系统特征的关联，目前仍不明确。
本研究依托运动生态学领域日益增长的文献储备，针对可重复性（repeatability）开展系统发育多水平元分析……