Research progress on regulation of signaling pathways related to arrhythmia by traditional Chinese medicine

Arrhythmia is one of the common public health problems in the world, posing a great threat to human health and being a major challenge in the medical field. More and more studies have found that traditional Chinese medicine regulates ion channels, improves electrical conduction, inhibits cardiomyocyte apoptosis and autophagy, and reduces oxidative stress and inflammation by modulating signaling pathways such as phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt), calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase Ⅱ (CaMKII), nuclear factor red factor 2-related factor 2 (NRF2), and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), thus improving cardiac function and slowing down disease progression. It reduces oxidative stress and inflammation, thus improving cardiac function, slowing down disease progression and preventing arrhythmia in multiple ways. Therefore, this article systematically summarizes the mechanisms by which traditional Chinese medicine intervenes in related signaling pathways to treat arrhythmia, laying a theoretical foundation for its large-scale clinical application and new drug development.