Abnormal skeletal and cardiac development, cardiomyopathy, muscle atrophy and cataracts in mice with a targeted disruption of the () gene-1

Arsal cartilage elements (white arrow) and elongation of the digits in -/-. Note increased intensity of Alizarin red staining and thickening of the tibia in -/- compared to wild type. C. Knee abnormalities in -/- compared with wild type, including flattening of the patella. D. Malformation of the wrist elements in -/- compared to wild type. E. Dislocation of hip (arrow) in -/- compared to wild type. F. Kinking of tail with compression of the vertebral body (arrow) in -/- embryo. G-J: Adult skeletons. Overgrowth of the appendicular skeleton in -/-, and to a lesser extent in +/-, compared to wild type (+/+) littermate. H. Overgrowth of the axial skeleton in -/- compared to wild type, with increased length of individual vertebral bodies. I. Frontal view of right (upper panel) and left (lower panel) knee joints from -/- and wild type (+/+) littermates showing abnormal patella (P) and grossly enlarged medial meniscus (arrow head) in mutant compared with wild type. J. Lateral view of knee showing flattening of patella in -/-. F: femur; T: tibia and P: patella.<b>Copyright information:</b>Taken from "Abnormal skeletal and cardiac development, cardiomyopathy, muscle atrophy and cataracts in mice with a targeted disruption of the () gene"http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-213X/8/18BMC Developmental Biology 2008;8():18-18.Published online 20 Feb 2008PMCID:PMC2275724.