Dataset from the paper "Time-Dependent Modeling of the Sub-Hour Spectral Evolution During the 2013 Outburst of Mrk 421", MAGIC Collaboration et al. 2025

This Zenodo entry releases the high-level data products presented in the paper "Time-Dependent Modeling of the Sub-Hour Spectral Evolution During the 2013 Outburst of Mrk 421", MAGIC Collaboration et al. 2025. The four main elements are: A .zip file "data_SEDs_mrk421_2013_flare.zip". It contains the 310 simultaneous SEDs from radio to TeV binned over 15-minute intervals between April 11th 2013 and April 19th 2013. Each SED is saved in a separate .txt file, whose filename includes the starting and ending MJDs over which the SED is computed. The structure of the individual .txt file is the following:- 1st column: frequency in Hz - 2nd column: nu_Fnu in ergs/cm^2/s - 3rd and 4th column: upper and lower uncertainty on nu_Fnu in ergs/cm^2/s. If equal to 0, the 2nd column provides an upper limit on nu_Fnu with a 95% confidence level A Python script plot_SED.py. It is an example showing how to access and plot the broadband SEDs. The script can generate a 2-by-1 grid of python subplots. The upper panel is the SED at a given MJD bin. In a lower panel, the >0.8 TeV light curve (also computed over 15-minute bins) is shown together with a vertical line highlighting the time correspondng to the SED plotted in the top panel. The >0.8 TeV light curve are from MAGIC & VERITAS observations and taken from Acciari et al. 2020, https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2020ApJS..248...29A/abstract . For convenience, we also provide them in this Zenodo entry (files magic_lightcurve_08TeV_CDS.txt & veritas_lightcurve_08TeV_CDS.txt) A GIF "animation_model.gif". It illustrates the SED model evolution throughout the flare, and a comparison with the data (plotted with black markers). The lower panel is the VHE light curve above 0.8TeV from MAGIC & VERITAS observations binned over 15-minute intervals, as for the SEDs. We refer the reader to the paper for more details on the model. A .zip file "data_model_SEDs_mrk421_2013_flare.zip". It contains all the individual 15-minute time frames (model + data) as .pdf files featured in the animation_model.gif animation. Finally, the MAGIC Data Level 3 (DL3) files - produced according to the Data formats for gamma-ray astronomy (GADF) specifications - can be retrived in the Zenodo repository https://zenodo.org/records/17064461本Zenodo存档发布了论文"Mrk 421 2013年爆发期间亚小时光谱演化的时变建模"（作者：MAGIC合作组等，2025年）中呈现的高级数据产品。 本次发布包含四项核心内容： 1. 压缩文件`data_SEDs_mrk421_2013_flare.zip`：包含2013年4月11日至4月19日期间以15分钟为间隔分箱得到的310份射电至TeV能段的同时性光谱能量分布（Spectral Energy Distribution, SED）。每份SED单独保存为一个`.txt`文件，文件名包含该SED计算所用的起始与结束修正儒略日（Modified Julian Date, MJD）。单个`.txt`文件的结构如下： - 第1列：频率，单位为Hz - 第2列：nu_Fnu，单位为ergs/cm²/s - 第3、4列：nu_Fnu的上下不确定度，单位为ergs/cm²/s。若不确定度为0，则第2列给出95%置信度下的nu_Fnu上限 2. Python脚本`plot_SED.py`：该脚本为示例代码，用于演示如何读取并绘制宽带SED。脚本可生成2行1列的Python子图网格：上方面板为指定MJD分箱对应的SED；下方面板展示>0.8 TeV的光变曲线（同样以15分钟为间隔分箱），并通过一条竖线标注与上方面板SED对应的时刻。>0.8 TeV光变曲线来自MAGIC与VERITAS的观测数据，取自Acciari等人2020年的研究（https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2020ApJS..248...29A/abstract）。为方便使用，本存档同时提供了该数据（文件为`magic_lightcurve_08TeV_CDS.txt`与`veritas_lightcurve_08TeV_CDS.txt`） 3. GIF动画`animation_model.gif`：该动画展示了爆发期间SED模型的演化过程，并与观测数据（以黑色标记绘制）进行对比。下方面板为以15分钟为间隔分箱的、MAGIC与VERITAS观测得到的0.8 TeV以上甚高能（Very High Energy, VHE）光变曲线，与SED的分箱方式一致。关于模型的更多细节，请参见原论文 4. 压缩文件`data_model_SEDs_mrk421_2013_flare.zip`：其中包含了动画`animation_model.gif`中展示的所有15分钟时间窗口的SED（含模型与观测数据）的`.pdf`文件 此外，可在Zenodo存档https://zenodo.org/records/17064461中获取根据伽马射线天文数据格式（Gamma-ray Astronomy Data Formats, GADF）规范生成的MAGIC三级数据（Data Level 3, DL3）文件。