Map Sheet 48 (2025 update) - Annualized Earthquake Loss

Map data were provided by Dr. Jaiswal (U.S Geological Survey, USGS), leading author of the joint FEMA-USGS report “Hazus Estimated Annualized Earthquake Losses for the United States”. The report provides nationwide and state-by-state estimates of AELs based on the latest census and building stock data, as well as USGS earthquake hazard information. The AELs presented here are the estimated long-term value of earthquake losses to the general building stock in any single year in a specified geographic area (e.g., state, county, metropolitan area). They are economic losses from earthquake shaking-related building damage. They do not include losses from ground-failure effects such as landslide, liquefaction, surface fault rupture, or losses due to other secondary effects such as fires following earthquakes due to lack of a nationally consistent database. Building economic losses are direct economic losses including structural damage, non-structural damage, and content damage; as well as building damage-related economic losses, such as inventory loss, relocation cost, loss of proprietors’ income, and rental income loss. These do not include losses associated with business interruption. Replacement costs and loss valuations are based on 2023 dollars.本数据集的地图数据由Jaiswal博士提供，其任职于美国地质调查局（U.S. Geological Survey, USGS），同时也是联邦紧急事务管理局（Federal Emergency Management Agency, FEMA）与美国地质调查局联合发布的《Hazus：美国年度地震损失估算》报告的第一作者。该报告基于最新人口普查数据、建筑存量数据以及美国地质调查局的地震灾害信息，提供了全国范围及分州的年度地震损失估算值（Annualized Earthquake Losses, AELs）。本文所呈现的年度地震损失估算值，指特定地理区域（如州、县、都会区）内，单一年份中通用建筑存量的长期地震损失估算价值。此类损失为地震动引发建筑破坏所造成的经济损失，不涵盖滑坡、液化、地表断层错动等地面破坏效应引发的损失，亦不包含因缺乏全国统一数据库而未被统计的地震次生火灾等其他次生效应所造成的损失。建筑经济损失属于直接经济损失范畴，涵盖结构破坏、非结构破坏以及室内物品损毁；同时还包括与建筑破坏相关的经济损失，如库存损失、搬迁成本、业主收入损失及租金收入损失。此类损失不包含业务中断相关损失。重置成本及损失估值均以2023年美元计价。