Kālī

Kālī (/ˈkɑːli/; Sanskrit: काली), also known as Kālikā (Sanskrit: कालिका), is a Hindu goddess. Kali is one of the ten Mahavidyas, a list which combines Sakta and Buddhist goddesses. Kali's earliest appearance is that of a destroyer principally of evil forces. She is the goddess of one of the four subcategories of the Kulamārga, a category of tantric Saivism. Over time, she has been worshipped by devotional movements and tantric sects variously as the Divine Mother, Mother of the Universe, Adi Shakti, or Adi Parashakti. Shakta Hindu and Tantric sects additionally worship her as the ultimate reality or Brahman. She is also seen as divine protector and the one who bestows moksha, or liberation. Kali is often portrayed standing or dancing on her consort, the Hindu god Shiva, who lies calm and prostrate beneath her. Kali is worshipped by Hindus throughout India.迦梨（Kālī，发音：/ˈkɑːli/；梵文：काली），又称迦利迦（Kālikā，梵文：कालिका），是印度教女神。迦梨为十大明神（Mahavidyas）之一，该名录整合了性力派（Shakta）与佛教体系中的女神形象。迦梨最早的形象以毁灭邪恶势力的神祇身份出现。她是迦摩流派（Kulamārga，坦陀罗湿婆派的一个大类）四大分支之一所奉祀的女神。随着时间推移，各类虔信运动与坦陀罗教派分别以不同身份敬拜她：包括神圣母亲、宇宙之母、原初性力（Adi Shakti）或原初至高本体（Adi Parashakti）。印度教性力派与坦陀罗教派更将她敬奉为终极实在或梵（Brahman）。她亦被视为神圣的护持者，且能赐予解脱（moksha）。迦梨通常被描绘为站立或舞蹈在其配偶——静谧躺卧于她身下的印度教神祇湿婆（Shiva）——之上。印度教徒遍布印度全境都在敬拜迦梨。