EXPLORING THE ROLE AND INFLUENCE OF TIMURID GARDEN-MAKING PRACTICES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF SAFAVID GARDEN TRADITIONS

The purpose of the article is to conduct a deep scientific analysis of the art of gardening of the Timurid era and its influence on the formation of gardens of the Safavid era from a historical, cultural and architectural point of view and to evaluate it as a source of inspiration for modern urban planning ideas. The study, using historical-comparative, discursive and architectural-conceptual analysis methods, identified the continuity, interaction and differences between the gardening traditions of the two periods. According to the results of the study , the gardening norms formed during the Timurid era, such as the shape of the Charbagh, its symmetrical structure, central water system, architectural and philosophical balance, were integrated into the idea of forming the city center and recreation during the Safavid era, and were combined with trade and cultural centers. It is emphasized that these approaches serve as an important source of inspiration in modern urban concepts in such areas as sustainable green areas, ecological design and preservation of the cultural landscape. The discussion section analyzed how historical gardening practices can be applied to modern urban planning, particularly in terms of cultural identity, ecological sustainability , and social integration. In conclusion, it was emphasized that historical gardening traditions should be considered not only as architectural monuments, but also as urban models for a sustainable future.本文旨在从历史、文化与建筑三重维度，对帖木儿时代（Timurid era）的造园艺术及其对萨法维时代（Safavid era）园林体系形成的影响展开深度科学分析，并将其作为现代城市规划理念的灵感源泉进行价值评估。本研究采用历史比较法、话语分析法与建筑概念分析法等研究方法，厘清了两个时期造园传统的延续性、互动性与差异性。研究结果显示，帖木儿时代形成的造园范式——如查尔巴格（Charbagh）的形制、对称布局、中央水系架构，以及建筑与哲学层面的平衡感，被融入萨法维时代的城市中心营造与休闲建设理念中，并与商贸及文化中心功能相结合。研究强调，此类造园理念可为现代城市规划领域的可持续绿地建设、生态设计及文化景观保护等方向提供重要的灵感参考。讨论部分分析了历史造园实践如何应用于现代城市规划，尤其聚焦于文化认同、生态可持续性与社会融合等维度。最后，研究指出，历史造园传统不应仅被视作建筑遗产，更应作为面向可持续未来的城市发展范本。