Resilin distribution and abundance in Apis mellifera across biological age classes and castes

The presence of resilin, an elastomeric protein, in insect vein joints provides the flexible, passive deformations that are crucial to flapping flight. This study investigated the resilin gene expression and autofluorescence dynamics among Apis mellifera (honey bee) worker age classes and drone honey bees. Resilin gene expression was determined via ddPCR on whole honey bees and resilin autofluorescence was measured in the 1m-cu, 2m-cu, Cu-V, and Cu2-V joints on the forewing and the Cu-V joint of the hindwing. Resilin gene expression varied significantly with age, with resilin activity being highest in the pupae. Autofluorescence of the 1m-cu and the Cu-V joints on the ventral forewing and the Cu-V joint on the ventral hindwing varied significantly between age classes on the left and right sides of the wing, with the newly emerged honey bees having the highest level of resilin autofluorescence compared to all other groups. The results of this study suggest that resilin gene expression an..., Specimen Collection
Honey bees were collected from Bountiful Blossoms Bee Company, LLC in Glenwood, IA, USA from May–June, 2019. Biological age class was estimated on-site using class-specific characteristics and behavioral norms. Specifically, purple-eyed pupae were collected for the pupae class, representing a distinct age class of approximately 7–10 days post-oviposition, workers actively emerging out of cells as the newly emerged class, workers actively tending to the nest as nest honey bees, and workers returning to the hive with pollen on their legs as foragers. Drones at the entrance of the hive were collected for drone specimens. Honey bees were collected from 5 different hives for each class. For gene expression analysis, honey bees were immediately placed in RNAlater and then stored at −80°C until further use. For autofluorescent analysis of resilin on wings, honey bees were collected in wooden cages and then frozen at −20 °C until further use.
Resilin Autofluorescence
Dissect..., , # Resilin distribution and abundance in *Apis mellifera* across biological age classes and castes

[https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.wdbrv15tm](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.wdbrv15tm)

This dataset contains wing joint autofluorescence data and resilin gene expression data from honey bees. Autofluorescence and resilin gene expression were determined in multiple classes of workers and drone honey bees in this experiment. Significant differences in gene expression and autofluorescence were discovered among different groups examined, with higher rates of resilin expression and autofluorescence generally detected in the youngest age class examined.

## Description of the data and file structure

There are two tabs in this dataset. Tab 1 includes the autofluorescence data and Tab 2 includes the gene expression data. In both tabs, the data are sorted by sample ID, bee age class/caste and hive ID. In the autofluorescence tab, the wing joint ID is given, along with the CTCF value. In the gene expr...

节肢弹性蛋白（resilin）是一类弹性蛋白，其存在于昆虫翅脉关节中，可提供柔性被动形变，这是振翅飞行的关键支撑机制。本研究针对西方蜜蜂（Apis mellifera，honey bee）工蜂的不同日龄组别与雄蜂，开展了节肢弹性蛋白基因表达与自体荧光动力学特征的探究。节肢弹性蛋白的基因表达通过对整只蜜蜂进行数字液滴聚合酶链式反应（droplet digital PCR，ddPCR）测定；而节肢弹性蛋白的自体荧光则在前翅的1m-cu、2m-cu、Cu-V及Cu2-V关节，以及后翅的Cu-V关节处进行检测。节肢弹性蛋白的基因表达随日龄呈现显著差异，其中蛹期的弹性蛋白活性最高。前翅腹面的1m-cu与Cu-V关节，以及后翅腹面的Cu-V关节的自体荧光信号，在不同日龄组以及翅的左右两侧间均存在显著差异；其中新羽化蜜蜂的节肢弹性蛋白自体荧光水平显著高于其余所有组别。本研究结果提示，节肢弹性蛋白基因表达与……

## 样本采集
研究样本于2019年5月至6月采自美国艾奥瓦州格伦伍德的Bountiful Blossoms Bee Company, LLC蜂场。研究人员通过类群特异性特征与行为规范，现场估算蜜蜂的生物学日龄组别。具体而言，蛹组采集紫眼蛹，对应产卵后约7~10天的专属日龄阶段；新羽化组采集正从巢房破壳而出的工蜂；巢内工蜂组采集活跃照料蜂巢的工蜂；采集蜂组采集携花粉归巢的工蜂。雄蜂组采集蜂巢入口处的雄蜂样本。每个组别均从5个不同的蜂群采集样本。用于基因表达分析的样本采集后立即置于RNAlater保存液中，随后于-80℃低温保存直至后续实验。用于翅部节肢弹性蛋白自体荧光分析的样本则采集后置于木质笼中，随后于-20℃冷冻保存直至后续实验。

## 节肢弹性蛋白自体荧光
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# 西方蜜蜂（*Apis mellifera*）不同生物学日龄组别与品级的节肢弹性蛋白分布与丰度
https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.wdbrv15tm

本数据集包含蜜蜂翅脉关节自体荧光数据与节肢弹性蛋白基因表达数据。本实验针对多组工蜂与雄蜂开展了自体荧光与节肢弹性蛋白基因表达检测。研究发现不同组别间的基因表达与自体荧光水平均存在显著差异，在所检测的组别中，最年轻的日龄组通常具有更高的节肢弹性蛋白表达率与自体荧光水平。

## 数据与文件结构说明
本数据集包含两个工作表：工作表1包含自体荧光数据，工作表2包含基因表达数据。两个工作表中的数据均按照样本ID、蜜蜂日龄组别/品级以及蜂群ID进行排序。在自体荧光工作表中，同时记录了翅脉关节ID与CTCF值。在基因表达……