An annotated list of horizon scanned technologies with potential for application in alien species citizen science projects

Context The contribution of volunteers in recording invasive alien species (IAS) has been fostered by technological developments such as social media, apps, low-cost sensors, search engines and predictive analytics. These technology developments, an increased attention to citizen science and a cultural change towards collaboration and openness in research within the policy agenda should increase the contribution of volunteer recording. Within the framework of the COST Action CA17122 Increasing Understanding of Alien Species through Citizen Science (Roy et al. 2018) a group of researchers explored the value of emerging technologies for citizen science in the context of alien species, recognizing the contribution of volunteers and reviewing their potential to engage broad audiences, motivate volunteers, improve data collection, increase data quality etc. Survey The following criteria were then used to evaluate the potential of these technologies for alien species citizen science through a dedicated survey: ● Audience: the technology can attract new target audiences for IAS citizen science and/or support more inclusivity in IAS citizen science (can overcome inequalities in participation, attract under-privileged audiences/those underrepresented in the scientific enterprise, allow participation of sensory/cognitive/otherwise impaired...) ● Engagement with others: the technology supports better connections with other participants, helpful in building a community ● Engagement via feedback: the technology increases the quality, amount or rate of feedback (including supporting learning) to participants ● Application: the technology can be embedded in everyday life and therefore has the potential for wide, generic application ● New data: the technology yields new types of data that would not be available without the technology (improved the detectability of IAS, new types of data, species interactions, new information sources) ● Extends data: the technology expands the scope of data collection or analysis (e.g. better coverage spatially, temporally) ● Improves data quality: the technology improves species ID, reduces uncertainty, improves validation ● Improves the flow of data: the technology increases the speed of record transmission (e.g. for early warning) ● Improves the curation of data: the technology itself allows for improved data curation (better metadata, sustainability and long term preservation data, open data, tracked provenance of data, FAIR data management, enable to better credit citizen scientists for their data contributions) Dataset description This dataset represents the list of technologies (in the broadest sense, including approaches) that were identified collectively by the experts as being relevant technologies in the framework of (alien species) citizen science. The dataset includes the following fields: Name: name of the approach/technology Category: broad categorisation of the approach/technology (Hardware and infrastructure, data collection and analysis tools, tools to improve user experience). If some approaches are combinations this is mentioned in description. Description: a definition and/or description of the approach/technology Reference: a reference on the approach/technology (e.g. paper, online reference), mostly with a doi Example: an example of the approach/technology, mostly with reference to an (alien species) citizen science project that applied it Notes: any further remarks### 背景（Context） 志愿者在记录外来入侵物种（Invasive Alien Species, IAS）方面的贡献，依托社交媒体、移动应用、低成本传感器、搜索引擎及预测分析等技术发展得到了有效推动。上述技术进步、公众科学（Citizen Science）关注度的提升，以及政策议程中科研领域向协作与开放转型的文化变革，均有望进一步扩大志愿者记录工作的参与规模。在**COST行动CA17122**「通过公众科学增进对外来物种的认知」（Roy等，2018）的框架下，一组研究者探索了新兴技术在外来物种公众科学中的应用价值，肯定了志愿者的贡献，并梳理了其在吸引广泛受众、激励志愿者参与、优化数据采集流程、提升数据质量等方面的潜力。 ### 调研（Survey） 随后，研究团队通过专项调研，采用以下标准评估上述技术在外来物种公众科学中的应用潜力： ● 受众覆盖：该技术可吸引外来入侵物种公众科学的新目标受众，或提升该领域的参与包容性（能够克服参与不平等问题，吸引弱势群体/科研领域代表性不足群体，支持感官障碍、认知障碍或其他残障群体参与……） ● 人际互动：该技术可助力参与者之间建立更紧密的联系，有助于构建社群生态 ● 反馈式参与：该技术可提升向参与者提供反馈的质量、数量或速率（包括支持学习过程） ● 普适应用：该技术可嵌入日常生活场景，因此具备广泛通用的应用潜力 ● 新增数据类型：该技术可产出无该技术时无法获取的新型数据（提升外来入侵物种的可探测性，支持新型数据、物种互作关系、新型信息来源的采集） ● 拓展数据范畴：该技术可拓宽数据采集或分析的范围（例如提升时空覆盖度） ● 提升数据质量：该技术可优化物种鉴定流程，降低结果不确定性，完善验证机制 ● 优化数据流转：该技术可提升记录传输速度（例如用于早期预警场景） ● 完善数据管理：该技术本身可助力优化数据管理流程（优化元数据、实现数据的可持续性与长期保存、开放数据、追踪数据溯源、遵循FAIR数据管理（Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable）原则，为公民科学家的数据贡献提供更合理的学术认可） ### 数据集说明（Dataset description） 本数据集收录了专家团队共同认定的、与（外来物种）公众科学框架相关的各类技术（广义范畴，包含各类研究方法）清单。数据集包含以下字段： - 「名称」：该方法/技术的正式名称 - 「类别」：该方法/技术的宽泛分类（硬件与基础设施、数据采集与分析工具、优化用户体验工具）。若部分方法属于复合型技术，则会在备注中说明。 - 「描述」：对该方法/技术的定义与/或详细说明 - 「参考文献」：该方法/技术的相关参考资料（例如期刊论文、在线资源），多数包含DOI - 「应用案例」：该方法/技术的实际应用实例，多提及应用该技术的（外来物种）公众科学项目 - 「备注」：其他补充说明信息