A Prevotellaceae-allopregnanolone gut-uterus axis preserves uterine homeostasis and infection resistance

Infertility and pregnancy complications are major global health concerns, yet the causes of uterine inflammation, a leading contributor, remain incompletely understood. Traditionally viewed as a local consequence of bacterial infection, uterine inflammation is here linked to the gut microbiome. Using mouse models, this study shows that disruption of the gut microbial community not only increases uterine inflammation but also weakens the uterine barrier against infection. Restoring microbial balance through fecal microbiota transplantation or supplementation with the commensal bacterium Prevotella copri protected the uterus and improved resistance to pathogenic challenge.