DIAGNOSTIC DIFFICULTIES AND CLINICAL FEATURES OF RECTORURETHRAL LEAKAGE IN BOYS

Anorectal malformations are complex congenital anomalies and remain an important problem in pediatric surgery. Rectourethral fistulas in boys represent one of the most challenging forms and are often associated with rectal atresia. Due to a latent neonatal course, this condition is frequently misdiagnosed.The study aimed to determine the incidence and clinical features of rectourethral fistulas in boys and to assess diagnostic difficulties. A retrospective analysis of patients treated between 2015 and 2023 was performed. Rectourethral fistulas accounted for 20.7% of anorectal malformations, while associated congenital anomalies were detected in 73.0% of cases. Initial misdiagnosis occurred in 79.4% of patients. Comprehensive instrumental diagnostics is essential for timely diagnosis and improved surgical outcomes.肛门直肠畸形（Anorectal malformations）属于复杂的先天性畸形，仍是小儿外科领域的重要临床难题。男性直肠尿道瘘（Rectourethral fistulas）是其中最具挑战性的类型之一，常伴随直肠闭锁（rectal atresia）发生。由于该病在新生儿期病程隐匿，常被误诊。本研究旨在明确男性直肠尿道瘘的发病率与临床特征，并评估其诊断难点。本研究对2015年至2023年间收治的患者开展了回顾性分析，结果显示直肠尿道瘘占肛门直肠畸形病例的20.7%，其中73.0%的病例合并其他先天性畸形，患者初始误诊率达79.4%。全面的仪器辅助诊断对实现及时诊断、改善手术预后至关重要。