Analysis of U.S. Airport Characteristics and Their Impact on Safety (2023-2024)

This dataset compiles data from all airports across the United States of America to analyze how their characteristics influence safety. The analysis focuses on the number of incidents that occurred during 2023 and 2024. Each airport is represented as a row and identified by its FAA Location Identifier (Loc ID), a three- to five-character alphanumeric code assigned by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). The dataset includes the following variables as columns: Intrinsic Characteristics of the Airports – This category includes variables such as the airport’s geographical coordinates (ARP latitude, ARP longitude, and elevation), the U.S. state, county, city where the airport is located, the biannual enplanements, and the airport size. Biannual Weather Conditions – This category provides information on the average meteorological conditions in the area where the airport is situated. Variables include the minimum and maximum biannual average temperatures, average biannual precipitation (in inches), and biannual fog frequency. Incident Variables (Recorded Incidents) – This category contains variables representing different types of incidents recorded at the airport. Each variable corresponds to a specific cause of an incident, including: Approach Incident, Maneuvering Incident, Emergency Descent Incident, Enroute Incident, Initial Climb Incident, Landing Incident, Standing Incident, Takeoff Incident, Taxi Incident, Uncontrolled Descent Incident, It also includes the highest level of injury for each incident being Fatal, Minor, None and Serious. Total number of incidents per U.S. airport and A final binary variable: "Has the airport experienced any incidents in 2023-2024?", which returns a TRUE/FALSE response. This dataset aims to facilitate a comprehensive analysis of airport safety by examining how various characteristics correlate with incident occurrences.本数据集整合了美国全境所有机场的相关数据，旨在分析机场各项特征对航空安全的影响。 本分析聚焦于2023年至2024年间发生的航空事故数量。本数据集以单个机场为行单位，每个机场通过其FAA位置标识符（FAA Location Identifier, Loc ID）进行标识——该标识符为由美国联邦航空管理局（Federal Aviation Administration, FAA）分配的3至5位字母数字组合代码。数据集包含以下列变量： 机场固有特征——该类别包含以下变量：机场地理坐标（航空参考点（Air Reference Point, ARP）纬度、航空参考点经度及海拔高度）、机场所在的美国州、县、城市，半年度客运登机量，以及机场规模。 半年度气象条件——该类别提供机场所在区域的平均气象状况信息，变量包括半年度平均最低气温、半年度平均最高气温、半年度平均降水量（单位：英寸）以及半年度大雾发生频率。 事故变量（已记录事故）——该类别包含代表机场所记录的各类事故的变量，每个变量对应一类特定的事故诱因，包括：进近事故（Approach Incident）、机动操作事故（Maneuvering Incident）、紧急下降事故（Emergency Descent Incident）、航路事故（Enroute Incident）、初始爬升事故（Initial Climb Incident）、着陆事故（Landing Incident）、地面驻留事故（Standing Incident）、起飞事故（Takeoff Incident）、滑行事故（Taxi Incident）、失控下降事故（Uncontrolled Descent Incident）。此外，该类别还包含每起事故的最高伤害等级（分为致命（Fatal）、轻伤（Minor）、无伤亡（None）、重伤（Serious）四类）、美国各机场的事故总数量，以及最终的二进制变量：“该机场在2023-2024年间是否发生过航空事故？”，其返回值为真（TRUE）或假（FALSE）。 本数据集旨在通过探究各类机场特征与事故发生之间的关联，为航空安全的全面分析提供支撑。