Longitudinal Changes in Metabolic Parameters, Body Composition, and Carotid Intima-Media Thickness among People Living with HIV Receiving Antiretroviral Therapy

This dataset accompanies the manuscript <i>“Progression of carotid intima-media thickness, visceral fat accumulation and metabolic derangement in HIV-Positive Patients on Antiretroviral Therapy”</i> submitted to PLOS ONE.The study prospectively followed a cohort of <b>132 HIV-positive adults</b> initiating antiretroviral therapy (ART) at Siriraj Hospital, Thailand, with assessments conducted at <b>baseline, 12, 24, and 36 months</b>.Key domains included: Metabolic and renal parameters: weight, waist and hip circumference, fasting glucose, HbA1c, lipid profile (total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL, LDL), creatinine, and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Body composition: bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA; fat mass, body fat percentage, visceral adipose tissue [VAT]) and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA; fat mass, body fat percentage, android-to-gynoid fat ratio). Carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT): ultrasound-derived measurements of common carotid arteries (proximal, mid, distal), bifurcation, and internal carotid arteries bilaterally. Immunological and virological outcomes: CD4 cell counts and proportion of participants with HIV RNA suppression (&lt;40 copies/mL). Antiretroviral drug class exposure: distribution of NRTIs, NNRTIs, protease inhibitors, integrase inhibitors, and CCR5 inhibitors (remained, discontinued, never exposed).<b>Data structure (Supporting Information files):</b><br><b>S1 Table.</b> Baseline characteristics of study participants (individual-level de-identified data).<b>S2 Table.</b> Anthropometric, metabolic, and renal parameters over 36 months (summary statistics).<b>S3 Table.</b> Body composition by BIA and DXA during follow-up.<b>S4 Table.</b> Carotid intima-media thickness measurements over 36 months.<b>S5 Table.</b> Immunological and virological outcomes (CD4, HIV RNA suppression).<b>S6 Table.</b> Antiretroviral drug class exposure during follow-up.<b>Ethics:</b>All data have been de-identified to protect participant privacy. The study protocol was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University.<b>Potential reuse:</b>These data may be useful for researchers studying HIV-associated metabolic complications, cardiovascular risk assessment, long-term effects of ART, and for meta-analyses in the fields of infectious diseases, endocrinology, and cardiovascular epidemiology.