The effect of oral contraceptives on gingivitis in female patients who attended the dental clinic of Dr. René Puig Bentz at the National Pedro Henríquez Ureña University.

This observational study, conducted at the Dr. René Puig Bentz dental clinic at the Pedro
Henríquez Ureña National University, aimed to evaluate whether oral contraceptive use is a
modifying factor in gingivitis. The hypothesis is that oral contraceptives may influence clinical
manifestations of gingivitis, such as redness, bleeding, and inflammation.
Data were collected through a clinical periodontal evaluation. Variables such as gingival
redness, bleeding on probing, the inflammation index, and the plaque index were recorded.
These findings were then compared between patients who used oral contraceptives and those
who did not. Additionally, the hormonal composition of the contraceptives used was
documented, including the type and concentration of estrogens and progestogens, as well as
the duration of use.
The results revealed significant differences in gingival redness, which occurred more
frequently in the group of oral contraceptive users. This finding suggests a potential impact of
sex hormones on gingival tissues. However, no statistically significant differences were found
in bleeding on probing, inflammation index, or plaque index between groups, indicating that
these variables are more closely related to the presence of bacterial plaque and hygiene habits
than to contraceptive use.
Regarding hormonal composition, a variety of formulations were identified, with
contraceptives containing different concentrations of ethinyl estradiol and drospirenone
predominating. However, none of the gingivitis cases occurred in oral contraceptive users; the
two cases identified corresponded exclusively to the non-user group. Similarly, no association
was found between hormone concentration, type of progestogen, or duration of oral
contraceptive use and the presence of gingivitis.
Taken together, these data suggest that although oral contraceptive use is associated with
increased gingival redness, there is no direct relationship with the onset of gingivitis in this
study sample. This dataset provides clinical and hormonal information that can be used to
analyze the influence of oral contraceptives on gingival tissue and for future comparisons in
similar studies.

本项观察性研究于佩德罗·恩里克·乌雷纳国立大学雷内·普伊格·本茨博士牙科诊所开展，旨在评估口服避孕药是否为牙龈炎的调节因素。研究假设为：口服避孕药可对牙龈炎的临床表现产生影响，包括牙龈红肿、探诊出血及炎症反应。研究通过临床牙周检查收集数据，记录了牙龈红肿、探诊出血、炎症指数及菌斑指数等变量。随后将口服避孕药使用者与未使用者的各项指标进行对比分析。此外，还对研究对象所用避孕药的激素组成进行了记录，涵盖雌激素与孕激素的类型、浓度，以及用药时长。研究结果显示，牙龈红肿的发生频率在口服避孕药使用者群体中显著更高，该发现提示性激素可能对牙龈组织存在潜在影响。但两组患者在探诊出血、炎症指数及菌斑指数方面均未出现具有统计学意义的差异，表明上述指标与菌斑存在及口腔卫生习惯的关联度，远高于与口服避孕药使用的关联。就激素组成而言，本次研究共识别出多种避孕药配方，其中以含有不同浓度炔雌醇与屈螺酮的避孕药占主导。值得注意的是，所有牙龈炎病例均未出现在口服避孕药使用者群体中，确诊的2例牙龈炎患者均为未使用者。同样，未发现激素浓度、孕激素类型或口服避孕药使用时长与牙龈炎发生存在关联。综合来看，本研究数据表明，尽管口服避孕药的使用与牙龈红肿程度升高存在关联，但在本次研究样本中，二者与牙龈炎的发病并无直接关联。本数据集包含临床与激素相关信息，可用于分析口服避孕药对牙龈组织的影响，亦可供后续同类研究开展对比分析使用。