Dimensional structure of reading and cognitive abilities in school-age children (PRIN 2022 Project Tails or Types?)

This dataset contains behavioral measures of reading performance and associated cognitive abilities collected in a sample of school-age children and adolescents within the PRIN 2022 project “Tails or Types? Testing the dimensional framework of neurodevelopmental disorders” (CUP: C53D23004210006). The dataset was designed to investigate the dimensional structure of reading ability and its cognitive correlates in the general population, with a specific focus on the relationship between reading performance and multiple cognitive domains traditionally associated with developmental dyslexia. These include rapid automatized naming, verbal working memory, visual attention, motion perception, processing speed, and fluid reasoning. Data were collected using standardized or widely used experimental tasks, including word and non-word reading measures (DDE-2 battery), rapid naming tasks, digit span, visual search tasks, coherent dot motion paradigms, and a fluid intelligence test (Cattell). In addition, a chronotype questionnaire (MESC) was administered to assess potential circadian influences on performance. The dataset includes multiple indicators for each domain (e.g., parallel subtests and aggregated scores), allowing detailed multivariate analyses of covariance structure. The primary intended use is the estimation of the joint distribution of reading and cognitive abilities in a population-based sample, in order to evaluate whether profiles typically associated with reading difficulties can be interpreted as extreme configurations within a continuous multivariate space. The dataset is accompanied by a data dictionary describing all variables and their structure, as well as licensing information to facilitate reuse. No personally identifiable information is included.本数据集收录了PRIN 2022项目《"Tails or Types? Testing the dimensional framework of neurodevelopmental disorders"》（项目编号：CUP: C53D23004210006）中，针对学龄儿童与青少年群体采集的阅读行为表现测量数据及相关认知能力数据。 本数据集旨在探究普通人群中阅读能力的维度结构及其认知关联因素，重点关注阅读表现与传统上与发展性阅读障碍相关的多个认知领域之间的关联，这些领域包括快速自动化命名、言语工作记忆、视觉注意、运动知觉、加工速度以及流体推理。 数据采集采用标准化或通用的实验任务，具体包含字词与非字词阅读测量（DDE-2成套测验）、快速命名任务、数字广度测验、视觉搜索任务、相干点运动范式，以及流体智力测验（Cattell）。此外，还通过睡眠时型问卷（MESC）评估昼夜节律对表现的潜在影响。 本数据集为每个认知领域提供了多项指标（如平行子测验与聚合得分），可用于开展协方差结构的细致多变量分析。其核心用途为基于人群样本估算阅读能力与认知能力的联合分布，以检验与阅读困难相关的典型特征是否可被解读为连续多变量空间中的极端构型。 本数据集附带一份数据字典，用于说明所有变量及其结构，同时包含便于数据复用的授权信息。数据集未包含任何个人可识别信息。