Spatial and temporal niche overlap of aardwolves and aardvarks in Serengeti National Park, Tanzania

Species interactions can influence species distributions, but mechanisms mitigating competition or facilitating positive interactions between ecologically similar species are often poorly understood. Aardwolves (Proteles cristata) and aardvarks (Orycteropus afer) are nocturnal, insectivorous mammals that co-occur in eastern and southern Africa, and knowledge of these species is largely limited to their nutritional biology. We used aardwolf and aardvark detections from 106 remote cameras during 2016–2018 to assess their spatial and temporal niche overlap in the grasslands of Serengeti National Park, Tanzania. Using a multispecies occupancy model, we identified a positive interaction between occupancy probabilities for aardwolves and aardvarks. Slope, proportion of grassland, and termite mound density did not affect occupancy probabilities of either species. Probability of aardwolf, but not aardvark, occupancy increased with distance to permanent water sources, which may relate to predati..., We collected data during August 2016–June 2018 using 106 remote cameras (Stealth Cam, model N45NG; Irving, Texas, USA). Nearest distance between cameras was 3,000 m for 63 cameras and 4,225 m for 43 cameras (Figure 1). We attached cameras to metal stakes 50-cm above ground and cleared vegetation in front of cameras. We programmed cameras to record 3-image bursts at each detection with a 30-second delay and inspected each about every 6 weeks. Because of staggered camera installations, we extracted data for a period of 70 consecutive days from each camera (hereafter a “camera-period”) during 26 August 2016–1 January 2018, and a second 70-day camera-period for 77 cameras during 22 January 2017–30 June 2018. Overlap between the two periods of data collection occurred due to staggered camera installation. Most (95%) data were obtained during September 2016–February 2018. Each 70-day camera-period was associated with a season (wet season, November-May; dry season, June-October). If a camera-p..., , # Spatial and temporal niche overlap of aardwolves and aardvarks in Serengeti National Park, Tanzania

[https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.9kd51c5qb](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.9kd51c5qb)

This dataset contains the raw camera trap data and site covariate data needed to run the multispecies occupancy model in R, by use of the *Unmarked* package. This consists of binary data on aardwolf and aardvark presence, split by camera-period, the site covariates of season, distance to water, slope, elevation, proportion of grassland cover, number of termite mounds, and number of trees present at the site. It also contains the R script used to run the analysis.

Secondly, the dataset contains the raw camera data and the script needed to run the diel activity analysis used to analyze temporal niche overlap btween the species, by use of the *Overlap* package in R. This consists of camera data on aardwolf and aardvark presence at camera sites, associated with specific dates and times, and the number of a...

物种种间相互作用可影响物种分布，但调控生态相似物种间竞争缓解或正向相互作用促进的相关机制，目前仍鲜为人知。土狼（*Proteles cristata*）与土豚（*Orycteropus afer*）均为夜行性食虫哺乳动物，在非洲东部与南部地区同域分布，目前学界对这两个物种的认知大多局限于其营养生物学特征。本研究利用2016至2018年间106台红外触发相机获取的土狼与土豚探测数据，评估了坦桑尼亚塞伦盖蒂国家公园草原生境中二者的空间与时间生态位重叠情况。通过多物种占用模型（multispecies occupancy model）分析，本研究发现土狼与土豚的占用概率间存在正向相互作用。坡度、草原占比以及白蚁丘密度对两个物种的占用概率均无显著影响；而土狼（而非土豚）的占用概率随距永久水源的距离增加而升高，这可能与捕食压力相关……

本研究于2016年8月至2018年6月期间，利用106台红外触发相机（Stealth Cam，型号N45NG；美国德克萨斯州欧文市出品）采集数据。63台相机的最近邻间距为3000米，其余43台为4225米（见图1）。研究人员将相机安装在距地面50厘米的金属桩上，并清理了相机前方的植被。相机设置为每次触发时连拍3张照片，触发间隔为30秒，每约6周对相机进行一次检查。由于相机安装时间错落不一，我们从每台相机中提取两段连续70天的监测数据（下称"camera-period"）：第一段为2016年8月26日至2018年1月1日，第二段为2017年1月22日至2018年6月30日，覆盖77台相机。由于安装时间错落，两段数据采集周期存在重叠。95%的数据采集于2016年9月至2018年2月。每个70天的相机周期对应一个季节（湿季为11月至次年5月；干季为6月至10月）。若某台相机……

# 坦桑尼亚塞伦盖蒂国家公园中土狼与土豚的空间与时间生态位重叠

[https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.9kd51c5qb](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.9kd51c5qb)

本数据集包含利用R语言*Unmarked*包运行多物种占用模型所需的原始红外相机陷阱探测数据与样地协变量数据。数据包含按"camera-period"划分的土狼与土豚存在与否的二分类数据，以及样地的季节、距水源距离、坡度、海拔、草原覆盖占比、白蚁丘数量与样地树木数量等协变量数据。此外还包含用于运行该分析的R脚本。

其次，本数据集还包含利用R语言*Overlap*包运行物种间时间生态位重叠分析所需的昼夜活动分析原始相机数据与脚本。该部分数据包含各相机位点处土狼与土豚的存在记录，关联具体日期与时间，以及……