National Survey on Household Budget, Consumption and Standard of Living, EBCNV 2005 - Tunisia

Abstract --------------------------- THE CLEANED AND HARMONIZED VERSION OF THE SURVEY DATA PRODUCED AND PUBLISHED BY THE ECONOMIC RESEARCH FORUM REPRESENTS 100% OF THE ORIGINAL SURVEY DATA COLLECTED BY THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STATISTICS - TUNISIA (INS) The National Survey on Household Budget, Consumption, and Standard of Living, 2005 is a quinquennial survey. It is the eighth survey of its kind that was carried out by the National Institute of Statistics (INS) in Tunisia. The seven previous surveys were conducted in 1968, 1975, 1980, 1985, 1990, 1995 and 2000, concurrently with the preparatory work for the Tunisian development plans. The 2005 survey was conducted as part of the preparation work for the Tenth Development Plan (2007-2011). Its expected findings would allow assessing the progress made in the improvements of the living level & conditions of the population. The survey aims at providing detailed information on the procurement of goods and services for consumption (food consumption as well as household access to community services of health and education). And its data was collected from direct observation of household consumption to allow for having the necessary elements to assess the situation & changes in the living standards & conditions of the households. Thus, the 2005 survey tackles three major areas of study: 1 - Household expenditure and acquisitions during the survey period 2 - Food consumption and nutritional status of households. 3 - Household access to community services of health and education. The objectives of the survey are: a- Identifying levels of expenditure on the household level: The survey aims to assess the levels of household expenditure .The total expenditure of the household, is not only an indicator of income, but it is also a quantitative assessment of the standard of living index. b- Income distribution: Due to the absence of data on income distribution, the mass distribution of expenditure between the different categories of the population constitutes a first outline for the income distribution in the country. c- Investigating the structure of expenditure: Detailed information collected on expenditures per product used to establish the structures of the household expenditure as well as the budget coefficients according to different levels of classifications of goods in the nomenclature of goods and services. These factors coefficients are particularly useful for revision and development of the weights of the Consumer Prices Index (CPI). It should also be noted that the change in expenditure structure is an indicator of the evolution of living standards. d- Analysis of household demand: Household behavior in terms of product demand is synthesized by the coefficients of income elasticity which, according to the model of consumption retained and under the assumptions of the growth of income and population, allows predicting future household demand. e- Resources-use balance in the national accounts: The results related to the consumption by product are necessary elements for the development of balanced resource-use of products in the frame of national accounts. The raw survey data provided by the Statistical Agency were cleaned and harmonized by the Economic Research Forum, in the context of a major project that started in 2009. During which extensive efforts have been exerted to acquire, clean, harmonize, preserve and disseminate micro data of existing household surveys in several Arab countries. Geographic coverage --------------------------- Covering a sample of all urban, small and medium towns and rural areas. Analysis unit --------------------------- 1- Household/family. 2- Individual/person. Universe --------------------------- The survey covered a national sample of households and all individuals permanently residing in surveyed households. Kind of data --------------------------- Sample survey data [ssd] Sampling procedure --------------------------- THE CLEANED AND HARMONIZED VERSION OF THE SURVEY DATA PRODUCED AND PUBLISHED BY THE ECONOMIC RESEARCH FORUM REPRESENTS 100% OF THE ORIGINAL SURVEY DATA COLLECTED BY THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STATISTICS - TUNISIA (INS) Sampling method ========== The National Survey on Household Budget, Consumption and Standard of Living, 2005 has focused initially on a sample of 13,392 households representing 0.61% of total households in the country (61 surveyed household for every 10,000 household) . This sample is distributed across 1116 districts covering all the country governorates, cities, urban and rural areas. The sample was also equally divided on the months of the survey year to take the seasonal changes in household expenditure into account. These households were drawn using a two stages stratified random sampling in each governorate. The sampling frame follows that of the general Census of Population and Housing in 2004. Stratification criteria: The sampling frame is stratified by two geographical criteria: namely the governorate and the living area. The latter is stratified as follows: large municipalities, medium and small towns, major cities and the rest of the non-municipal areas. These stratification criteria (governorate, habitat and size of municipalities) represent the differentiation variable of lifestyles households. Strata used are as follows: Stratum of large cities (stratum 1): the municipalities of the city of Tunis and its suburbs, the city of Bizerte and its suburbs, the city of Sousse and its suburbs, the city of Kairouan and its suburbs, the city Sfax and its suburbs, and the general Gabes. Thus, this stratum is formed of large urban centers corresponding to municipalities with more than 100.000 inhabitants and neighboring municipalities. Stratum of other cities (stratum 2): This is all small and medium sized cities other than those classified in the stratum of large cities. Stratum of the main cities (stratum 3): These are non-municipal urban areas classified as major cities during the general census of population and housing 2004 (with a population of more than 70 households).a city is considered a main city if the number of its inhabitants exceeds 400 during the census of 2004. Stratum dispersed outside communes (stratum 4): These are areas of land located outside the main towns and cities. Households in these areas live in houses scattered or grouped in small towns. This strata classification is closely related to the levels of household income and lifestyle. Survey type: ======== The sampling frame is divided on the level of each governorate according to strata previously defined. It was set, at the level of each stratum, to make a two-stage random sampling for the selection of the household survey sample. This drawing process allows to breakdown the sample into clusters of 12 households relatively little distant from each other, thereby facilitating the conduct of the survey at the time of the information collection in the field In the first stage: a sample of primary units is drawn in proportion to their size in number of households as they were identified. Taking into consideration that the primary units correspond to the districts that have been defined in the census of the population and these geographic areas contain on average 70 households. In the second stage: in each sampled district, 12 households are selected according to the following method: The households in each sampled district are classified primarily according to the number of employed persons in the household. Within each category of classified households, households are also classified according to the number of persons in each household. A systematic sampling is then performed to select 12 sampled households per primary unit (sampled district). For each sampled district, another 12 households are drawn according to the same previously illustrated criteria. These households serve as a substitutive sample so that in case the interviewer failed to get in contact with the originally selected household (due to long absence- change of place of residence) , after coordinating with the supervisor, this household can be replaced by one from the substitutive sample. For this purpose, two lists of the names of head of households were developed (original list, substitutive list) that the survey is supposed to cover. Distribution of districts and households sampled by governorates Governorate Total Sample size District Households District Households Household sample percent (%) Tunis 3628 244018 96 1152 0.47 Ariana 1536 101327 48 576 0.57 Ben Arous 1691 117901 60 720 0.61 La Manouba 1008 70750 36 432 0.61 District of Tunis 7863 533996 240 2880 0.54 Nabeul 2174 162691 60 720 0.44 Zaghouan 473 33532 36 432 1.29 Bizerte 1799 119976 60 720 0.6 North East 4446 316199 156 1872 0.59 Baja 972 68584 36 432 0.63 Jendouba 1307 92877 36 432 0.47 Le Kef 876 59107 36 432 0.73 Siliana 666 48448 36 432 0.89 North West 3821 269016 144 1728 0.64 Sousse 1876 124519 60 720 0.58 Monastir 1480 100967 48 576 0.57 Mahdia 1201 79197 36 432 0.55 Sfax 2822 198565 72 864 0.44 Centre East 7379 503248 216 2592 0.52 Kairouan 1572 107923 60 720 0.67 Kasserine 1186 79448 48 576 0.73 Sidi Bouzid 1113 76771 36 432 0.56 Centre West 3871 264142 144 1728 0.65 Gabis 975 69703 36 432 0.62 Mednine 1328 90000 36 432 0.48 Tataouine 408 26575 36 432 1.63 South East 2711 186278 108 1296 0.7 Gafsa 959 65926 36 432 0.66 Tozeur 302 20485 36 432 2.11 Kebeli 383 26549 36 432 1.63 South West 1644 112960 108 1296 1.15 Total 31735 2185839 1116 13392 0.61 Mode of data collection --------------------------- Face-to-face [f2f] Research instrument --------------------------- The survey includes two questionnaires: 1) Collective household expenditure questionnaire. 2) Individual expenditure questionnaire for those who have a source of income. Cleaning operations --------------------------- Raw Data ======= Harmonized Data ============ - The Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) is used to clean and harmonize the datasets. - The harmonization process starts with cleaning all raw data files received from the Statistical Agency. - Cleaned data files are then all merged to produce one data file on the individual level containing all variables subject to harmonization. - A country-specific program is generated for each dataset to generate/ compute/ recode/ rename/ format/ label harmonized variables. - A post-harmonization cleaning process is then conducted on the data. - Harmonized data is saved on the household as well as the individual level, in SPSS and converted to STATA format. Response rate --------------------------- During the National Survey on Household Budget, Consumption and Standard of Living, 2005, 12318 out of 13992 households responded to the survey questionnaire. with a response rate of 92%