Low-Altitude UAV Swarm Target Dataset Based on High-Resolution Phased Array Radar

The dataset provides measurements for low-altitude UAV swarm targets, captured by a high-resolution phased array radar operating in the Ku-band. The radar employs a stepped-frequency system with sub-pulses of 125 MHz bandwidth and 10 frequency modulation steps, synthesizing a total bandwidth of 1 GHz. By applying a Hamming window, it achieves a range resolution of approximately 0.2 m, enabling precise distinction of individual targets within group. Operating in scanning mode, the system combines mechanical azimuth scanning (0.5° synthesized beamwidth) and electronic elevation scanning (0.6° synthesized beamwidth), completing a full scan cycle in 3.2 seconds. The sampling range of this radar is between 300 and 2000 meters. The dataset encompasses classic formation patterns observed in practical scenarios，including linear and cross-shaped formations, as well as common motion patterns such as uniform linear and circular motion. Additionally, the impact of varying target spacing on experimental outcomes was taken into consideration. The dataset comprises three experiments on UAV swarm formations, namely tightly spaced linear formations, widely spaced linear formations flying in circular and straight paths, and cross-shaped formations flying in circular and straight paths. Echo data were collected using high-resolution phased array radar. Measurements of the group target were obtained through techniques such as stepped frequency synthesis and target detection. This dataset provides real data support for validating track association and tracking algorithms.