Fish sound production in the presence of harmful algal blooms in the eastern Gulf of Mexico

This paper presents the first known research to examine sound production by fishes during harmful algal blooms (HABs). Most fish sound production is species-specific and repetitive, enabling passive acoustic monitoring to identify the distribution and behavior of soniferous species. Autonomous gliders that collect passive acoustic data and environmental data concurrently can be used to establish the oceanographic conditions surrounding sound-producing organisms. Three passive acoustic glider missions were conducted off west-central Florida in October 2011, and September and October 2012. The deployment period for two missions was dictated by the presence of red tide events with the glider path specifically set to encounter toxic Karenia brevis blooms (a.k.a red tides). Oceanographic conditions measured by the glider were significantly correlated to the variation in sounds from six known or suspected species of fish across the three missions with depth consistently being the most si...

本论文为目前已知首项针对有害藻华（harmful algal blooms, HABs）期间鱼类发声行为的研究。多数鱼类的发声行为具备物种特异性与重复性，这使得被动声学监测（passive acoustic monitoring）可用于识别发声生物（soniferous species）的分布与活动规律。可同步采集被动声学数据与环境数据的自主水下滑翔机（autonomous gliders），能够用于确定发声生物所处周边的海洋环境条件。2011年10月、2012年9月与10月，研究团队在佛罗里达中西部近海开展了三项被动声学滑翔机探测任务。其中两项任务的部署周期由赤潮（red tide）事件的发生情况决定，滑翔机的航行路径被专门设定为可覆盖有毒短凯伦藻（Karenia brevis）藻华（俗称赤潮）区域。三项任务中，滑翔机测得的海洋环境参数与6种已知或疑似鱼类的发声变化显著相关，其中水深始终为最具