Catchment attributes and hydro-meteorological time series for large-sample studies across hydrologic Switzerland (CAMELS-CH)

CAMELS-CH (Catchment Attributes and MEteorology for large-sample Studies - Switzerland) is a large-sample hydro-meteorological data set for hydrological Switzerland in Central Europe that covers 331 basins within Switzerland and neighboring countries (Austria, France, Germany and Italy). CAMELS-CH comprises dynamic hydro-meteorological variables and static catchment attributes. The data set covers 40 years of data between 1st January 1981 and 31st December 2020 for each catchment: daily time series of stream flow and water levels, of meteorological data such as precipitation and air temperature and of daily snow water equivalent data. Additionally, CAMELS-CH encompasses annual time series of land cover change and glacier evolution per catchment. The static catchment attributes comprise the following categories: location and topography, climate, hydrology, soil, hydrogeology, geology, land use, human impact and glaciers. The corresponding manuscript is published at the journal "Earth System Science Data" (ESSD) and available here. The code used to generate the dataset is available on Github. The data description file below contains a comprehensive list of all time series and attribute variables covered by the dataset and references to the original data sources. Further, this repository contains the "Caravan extension CH" for the "Caravan - A global community dataset for large-sample hydrology" Caravan dataset (see the list of extensions). This extension has the same format like other Caravan parts and is based on the same data sources. Note that some features like the annual glacier time series, etc. are therefore only available in the original CAMELS-CH dataset. Updates: - Update version 0.9: affects "Caravan_extension_CH" - In version 1.5 of the Caravan dataset, Penman-Monteith PET was added as an additional time series feature. Additional to the new time series feature, also all pet-related climate indices were recomputed using the new Penman-Monteith PET. For consistency, the old ERA5-Land potential_evaporation time series and climate indices were kept, but renamed for a better identification of the differences. - Update version 0.8: resolving projection issue for shapefiles in "Caravan_extension_CH" using EPSG:4326 (WGS84); updating readme file of "camels_ch" regarding the Dischma catchment - Update version 0.7: update corresponding to the revision of the manuscript at "Earth System Science Data" (ESSD) dataset file delimiters have been changed to commas from semicolons the "time_series" folder was renamed to "timeseries" in the simulation-based data, there was an error in the previous aggregation of precipitation and evapotranspiration. The corresponding time series, affected hydrologic signatures and climatic indices were corrected the order of simulation-based variables in the timeseries files was changed to resemble the order shown in the tables of the corresponding publication in ESSD blank values that were masked by "NA" are now consistently indicated by "NaN" the readme file has been extended - Update version 0.6: updating links to related material (all links and references are available in the preprint/manuscript) and abstract - Update version 0.5: adding the "camels_ch_data_description.pdf" file - Update version 0.4: update of several static attributes in "Caravan_extension_CH" following a general update in Caravan and all its extensions + adopting the geographic coordinate system to Caravan-standard EPSG:4326 - Update version 0.3: renaming single files/entries in "Caravan_extension_CH" to start with "camelsch" as unique Caravan extension identifier - Update version 0.2: CH extension to Caravan addedCAMELS-CH（全称：Catchment Attributes and MEteorology for large-sample Studies - Switzerland，即大样本研究集水区属性与气象学数据集——瑞士分支）是中欧瑞士地区的大样本水文气象数据集，涵盖瑞士及周边国家（奥地利、法国、德国、意大利）境内的331个流域。该数据集包含动态水文气象变量与静态集水区属性。 该数据集包含1981年1月1日至2020年12月31日共40年的各流域数据：径流（stream flow）与水位（water levels）的日时间序列、降水（precipitation）、气温（air temperature）等气象数据日时间序列，以及积雪水当量（snow water equivalent）日数据。此外，CAMELS-CH还涵盖各流域的土地覆被变化（land cover change）与冰川演化（glacier evolution）年度时间序列。静态集水区属性包含以下类别：地理位置与地形、气候、水文、土壤、水文地质（hydrogeology）、地质、土地利用、人类影响（human impact）与冰川。 相关研究论文已发表于《Earth System Science Data》（ESSD）期刊，可在此处获取。数据集生成代码已托管于GitHub。 下文的数据描述文件完整列出了该数据集涵盖的所有时间序列与属性变量，并标注了原始数据来源。此外，本仓库包含适配"Caravan全球大样本水文社区数据集（Caravan - A global community dataset for large-sample hydrology）"的"Caravan扩展包瑞士分支（Caravan_extension_CH）"（详见扩展包列表）。该扩展包与其他Caravan子数据集格式一致，且基于相同的数据源。需注意，部分特征（如年度冰川时间序列等）仅在原始CAMELS-CH数据集中提供。 更新记录： - 版本0.9更新：影响"Caravan_extension_CH"。在Caravan数据集1.5版本中，新增彭曼-蒙特斯潜在蒸散（Penman-Monteith Potential Evapotranspiration，PET）作为额外时间序列特征。除新增该时间序列特征外，所有与蒸散相关的气候指数均基于新的彭曼-蒙特斯潜在蒸散重新计算。为保证兼容性，原ERA5-Land潜在蒸散时间序列及气候指数予以保留，但已重命名以区分二者差异。 - 版本0.8更新：修复"Caravan_extension_CH"中形状文件（shapefile）的投影问题，采用EPSG:4326（WGS84坐标系）；更新"camels_ch"的README文件，补充关于Dischma流域的说明。 - 版本0.7更新：适配《Earth System Science Data》（ESSD）期刊的论文修订版。 - 数据集文件分隔符已从分号改为逗号； - 原"time_series"文件夹已重命名为"timeseries"； - 基于模拟的数据集此前存在降水与蒸散聚合错误，已修正受影响的时间序列、水文特征值与气候指数； - 时间序列文件中基于模拟的变量顺序已调整，以匹配发表于ESSD的相关论文表格中的变量顺序； - 此前以"NA"标记的空白值，现已统一使用"NaN"表示； - README文件已扩展完善。 - 版本0.6更新：更新相关材料链接（所有链接与参考文献均可在预印本/论文中获取）与摘要。 - 版本0.5更新：新增"camels_ch_data_description.pdf"文件。 - 版本0.4更新：根据Caravan及其所有扩展包的通用更新，修正"Caravan_extension_CH"中的多项静态属性；将地理坐标系调整为Caravan标准的EPSG:4326。 - 版本0.3更新：将"Caravan_extension_CH"中的单个文件/条目重命名为以"camelsch"开头，作为Caravan扩展包的唯一标识符。 - 版本0.2更新：新增适配Caravan的瑞士分支扩展包。