Ontology for the Anatomy of the Insect SkeletoMuscular system

The spectacular radiation of insects has produced a stunning diversity of phenotypes. During the past 250 years, research on insect systematics has generated hundreds of terms for naming and comparing them. In its current form, this terminological diversity is presented in natural language and lacks formalization, which prohibits computer-assisted comparison using semantic web technologies. Here we propose a Model for Describing Cuticular Anatomical Structures (MoDCAS) which incorporates structural properties and positional relationships for standardized, consistent, and reproducible descriptions of arthropod phenotypes. We applied the MoDCAS framework in creating the ontology for the Anatomy of the Insect Skeleto-Muscular system (AISM). The AISM is the first general insect ontology that aims to cover all taxa by providing generalized, fully logical, and queryable, definitions for each term. It was built using the Ontology Development Kit (ODK), which maximizes interoperability with Ube..., The ontology for the Anatomy of the Insect Skeleto-Muscular system (AISM.owl) and accompanying file system were generated using the Ontology Development Kit (ODK, Matentzoglu et al. 2022; https://github.com/INCATools/ontology-development-kit) and edited with Protégé version 5.5.0 (Musen 2015). All the files are available on GitHub at https://github.com/insect-morphology/aism.
This dataset includes three files:- aism.owl - The AISM ontology file in owl format- aism.obo - The AISM ontology file in obo format- AISM_template_examples.tsv - A tab delimited file used in the associated manuscript as an example of the use of templates for editing the AISM or run reasoning examples., The file can be opened using a simple text editor or using Protégé version 5.5.0 (Musen, M.A. (2015) The Protégé project: a look back and a look forward. AI Matters 1, 4–12. https://doi.org/10.1145/2757001.2757003).

昆虫的爆发式辐射演化造就了极为惊人的表型（phenotype）多样性。在过去250年间，昆虫系统学研究已衍生出数百个用于命名和比较这些表型的术语。当前，这类术语多样性以自然语言形式呈现，缺乏形式化规范，这使得无法借助语义网技术（semantic web technologies）实现计算机辅助的比较分析。本文提出表皮解剖结构描述模型（Model for Describing Cuticular Anatomical Structures, MoDCAS），该模型整合了结构属性与位置关系，可实现节肢动物表型的标准化、一致且可重复的描述。
我们将MoDCAS框架应用于昆虫骨骼肌肉系统解剖学本体（Anatomy of the Insect Skeleto-Muscular system, AISM）的构建。AISM是首个通用昆虫本体（ontology），旨在通过为每个术语提供普适性、完全逻辑化且可查询的定义，覆盖所有昆虫类群。该本体依托本体开发工具包（Ontology Development Kit, ODK）构建，可最大化与Ube……的互操作性。昆虫骨骼肌肉系统解剖学本体（AISM.owl）及配套文件系统通过本体开发工具包（ODK, Matentzoglu等人, 2022; https://github.com/INCATools/ontology-development-kit）生成，并使用Protégé 5.5.0版本（Musen, 2015）进行编辑。所有文件均已上传至GitHub仓库：https://github.com/insect-morphology/aism。
本数据集包含三个文件：
1. aism.owl：OWL格式的AISM本体文件
2. aism.obo：OBO格式的AISM本体文件
3. AISM_template_examples.tsv：制表符分隔文件，用于在相关论文中展示AISM编辑模板的使用方法，或作为推理运行示例。
上述文件可通过普通文本编辑器或Protégé 5.5.0版本（Musen, M.A. (2015) The Protégé项目：回顾与展望. AI Matters 1, 4–12. https://doi.org/10.1145/2757001.2757003）打开。