Data: Upper thermal limits and risk of mortality of coastal Antarctic ectotherms

Antarctic marine animals face one of the most extreme thermal environments, characterized by a stable and narrow range of low seawater temperatures. At the same time, the Antarctic marine ecosystems are threatened by accelerated global warming. Determining the upper thermal limits (CTmax) is crucial to project the persistence and distribution areas of the Antarctic marine species. Using thermal death time curves (TDT), we estimated CTmax at different temporal scales from 1 minute to daily and seasonal, the predict vulnerability to the current thermal variation and two potential heatwave scenarios. Our results revealed that CTmax at 1 min are far from the temperature present in the marine intertidal area where our study species, showing Echinoderm species higher CTmax than the Chordata and Arthropods species. Simulations indicated that seasonal thermal variation from the intertidal zone contributed to basal mortality, which increased after considering moderate scenarios of heatwaves (+2 ..., ,

南极海洋动物面临着全球最为极端的热环境之一，其栖息环境为稳定且范围狭窄的低温海水。与此同时，南极海洋生态系统正遭受加速的全球变暖威胁。明确热上限（CTmax）对于预测南极海洋物种的存续与分布范围至关重要。本研究借助热致死时间曲线（TDT），估算了1分钟至每日、季节尺度下的CTmax值，并预测了物种针对当前热变化的脆弱性，以及两种潜在热浪情景下的脆弱性。研究结果显示，1分钟尺度下测得的CTmax远高于本研究受试物种所在海洋潮间带的当前温度；其中棘皮动物物种的CTmax高于脊索动物与节肢动物物种。模拟结果表明，潮间带的季节性热变化会引发基础死亡率，而在考虑中等强度热浪情景（升温+2……）后，该死亡率将进一步升高。