COGNITIVE MECHANISMS OF AMBIGUITY INTERPRETATION IN ENGLISH DISCOURSE

This article explores the cognitive mechanisms involved in the interpretation of ambiguity in English discourse. Ambiguity is viewed as an inherent feature of natural language that emerges when linguistic units allow multiple interpretations. The study examines the principal types of ambiguity, including lexical, structural, semantic, and pragmatic ambiguity, and analyzes the mental processes underlying meaning construction during communication. Particular attention is devoted to the role of contextual information, conceptual knowledge, grammatical structure, and inferential reasoning in ambiguity resolution. The article also discusses major cognitive approaches such as the Garden Path Model and Constraint-Based Theory, which explain how individuals process ambiguous linguistic expressions in real time. Furthermore, the research emphasizes the significance of ambiguity studies in cognitive linguistics, psycholinguistics, language teaching, and artificial intelligence. The findings demonstrate that ambiguity interpretation represents a dynamic interaction between linguistic structures and human cognitive systems.本文探讨英语语篇歧义解读所涉及的认知机制。歧义被视为自然语言的固有属性，当语言单位存在多种解读可能时便会产生。本研究考察了歧义的主要类型，包括词汇歧义（lexical ambiguity）、结构歧义（structural ambiguity）、语义歧义（semantic ambiguity）与语用歧义（pragmatic ambiguity），并分析了交际过程中意义构建背后的心理过程。本研究特别关注语境信息、概念性知识、语法结构以及推理在歧义消解中的作用。本文还探讨了两大主流认知研究范式，即花园路径模型（Garden Path Model）与制约理论（Constraint-Based Theory），二者阐释了个体实时处理歧义语言表达的具体机制。此外，本研究强调了歧义研究在认知语言学、心理语言学、语言教学以及人工智能（artificial intelligence）领域的重要价值。研究结果表明，歧义解读实为语言结构与人类认知系统之间的动态交互过程。