THE ROLE OF NATIVE LANGUAGE IN DEVELOPING COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCE IN FOREIGN LANGUAGE LEARNING

This article examines the role of the native language in developing communicative competence in foreign language learning. In modern language education, communicative competence is considered a central objective, encompassing grammatical, sociolinguistic, discourse, and strategic abilities. The study emphasizes that learners’ native language functions as a fundamental cognitive and linguistic resource rather than a barrier to foreign language acquisition. Drawing on theoretical perspectives from applied linguistics and language pedagogy, the article analyzes how the native language supports comprehension, facilitates meaning construction, and enhances learners’ confidence in communicative situations. Special attention is given to students of philology and language education, for whom metalinguistic awareness and analytical skills are essential. The findings suggest that the purposeful and limited use of the native language in foreign language instruction can positively influence communicative competence by reducing anxiety, promoting active participation, and enabling effective transfer of linguistic knowledge. The article concludes that integrating the native language strategically into foreign language teaching contributes to more inclusive, learner centered, and effective educational practices.本文探讨了母语在外语学习交际能力（communicative competence）培养中的作用。在现代语言教育领域，交际能力被视为核心培养目标，涵盖语法能力、社会语言能力、语篇能力与策略能力。本研究强调，学习者的母语并非外语习得（foreign language acquisition）的阻碍，而是一项基础的认知与语言资源。本文借鉴应用语言学（applied linguistics）与语言教学法（language pedagogy）的理论视角，剖析了母语如何助力理解、促进意义建构，并提升学习者在交际场景中的自信心。研究特别关注了语文学（philology）与语言教育专业的学生——对于他们而言，元语言意识（metalinguistic awareness）与分析能力是不可或缺的核心素养。研究结果表明，在外语教学中有意且适度地使用母语，可通过降低焦虑感、促进主动参与以及实现语言知识的有效迁移，对交际能力产生积极影响。本文最终得出结论：战略性地将母语融入外语教学，有助于构建更具包容性、以学习者为中心且高效的教学实践模式。